View source for Acute lymphocytic leukemia

==Background==
*Characterized by proliferation of immature lymphoblast( >20% in periphery) 
*Less than 20% of acute leukemias in adults, 
*Most common form in children (see also [[Leukemia (Peds)]]) 
*Highest incidence in 7th decade of life

==Clinical Features==
*[[leukocytosis|Lymphocytosis]], [[neutropenia]], [[anemia]], [[thrombocytopenia]] 
*[[Lymphadenopathy]], [[hepatomegaly|hepatosplenomegaly]] 
*CNS and testes involvement common
*Symptomatic [[leukostasis and hyperleukocytosis]] are more common in AML than in ALL, CML, CLL<ref>Porcu P, Cripe LD, Ng EW, et al. Hyperleukocytic leukemias and leukostasis: a
review of pathophysiology, clinical presentation and management. Leuk.Lymphoma.
2000;39(1-2):1-18.</ref>

==Differential Diagnosis==
{{Leuk/lymph DDX}}

==Evaluation==
*[[CXR]] 
*CBC with peripheral smear 
*Chem7, Ca, Mg, Phos, Uric Acid, [[UA]], LDH (to check for [[tumor lysis syndrome]]) 
*[[LFTs]], Coags, FDP, D-Dimer, Haptoglobin, Fibrinogen (to check for [[DIC]]) 
*ESR, CRP
*Reticulocyte count in anemia
*Get extra purple top for flow cytometry, especially before transfusion

==Management==
*Aggressive [[IV hydration]] 
*If [[neutropenic fever|febrile]], complete cultures and broad spectrum [[antibiotics]] 
*Manage Complications 
**see [[DIC]] 
**see [[Leukostasis]] 
**see [[Tumor Lysis Syndrome]]

==See Also==
*[[Oncologic emergencies]]
*[[Acute leukemia]]

==References==
<references/>
[[Category:Heme/Onc]]