Abdominal compartment syndrome - Revision history

Ostermayer: Marked this version for translation

2026-01-04T21:30:01Z

Marked this version for translation

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:30, 4 January 2026
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	==Background==		==Background== <!--T:1-->

			<!--T:2-->
	[[File:Scheme body cavities-en.png\|thumb\|Lateral view showing abdominopelvic cavity.]]		[[File:Scheme body cavities-en.png\|thumb\|Lateral view showing abdominopelvic cavity.]]
	*Organ dysfunction caused by intrabdominal hypertension		*Organ dysfunction caused by intrabdominal hypertension
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	===Pathophysiology===		===Pathophysiology=== <!--T:3-->

			<!--T:4-->
	*Abdominal perfusion pressure = MAP - intrabdominal pressure		*Abdominal perfusion pressure = MAP - intrabdominal pressure
	*Build up of fluid or blood within the peritoneum or retroperitoneum		*Build up of fluid or blood within the peritoneum or retroperitoneum
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	===Causes===		===Causes=== <!--T:5-->

			<!--T:6-->
	*Acute [[Special:MyLanguage/Pancreatitis\|Pancreatitis]]		*Acute [[Special:MyLanguage/Pancreatitis\|Pancreatitis]]
	*[[Special:MyLanguage/Ascites\|Ascites]]		*[[Special:MyLanguage/Ascites\|Ascites]]
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	==Clinical Features==		==Clinical Features== <!--T:7-->

			<!--T:8-->
	*Most patients are critically ill and unable to communicate		*Most patients are critically ill and unable to communicate
	*Decreased [[Special:MyLanguage/hypotension\|central venous return]]		*Decreased [[Special:MyLanguage/hypotension\|central venous return]]
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	==Differential Diagnosis==		==Differential Diagnosis== <!--T:9-->

	</translate>		</translate>
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	==Evaluation==		==Evaluation== <!--T:10-->

			<!--T:11-->
	[[File:PMC3267056 jkss-81-S1-g002.png\|thumb\|Abdominal compartment syndrome caused by bulimia post vomiting. CT shows dilated stomach with food and air pressed other visceral organs and major abdominal vessels.]]		[[File:PMC3267056 jkss-81-S1-g002.png\|thumb\|Abdominal compartment syndrome caused by bulimia post vomiting. CT shows dilated stomach with food and air pressed other visceral organs and major abdominal vessels.]]
	[[File:PMC4972924 gr2.png\|thumb\|A case of abdominal compartment syndrome derived from simple elongated sigmoid colon in an elderly man.. Abdominal CT scan of the patient pre-decompression (a) and post-decompression (b). The arrow shows the inferior vena cava, which was collapsed pre-decompression.]]		[[File:PMC4972924 gr2.png\|thumb\|A case of abdominal compartment syndrome derived from simple elongated sigmoid colon in an elderly man.. Abdominal CT scan of the patient pre-decompression (a) and post-decompression (b). The arrow shows the inferior vena cava, which was collapsed pre-decompression.]]

	===Workup===		===Workup=== <!--T:12-->

			<!--T:13-->
	''Physical exam is neither sensitive nor specific''		''Physical exam is neither sensitive nor specific''
	;[https://emergencymedicinecases.com/em-quick-hits-jan2021/ Link to] steps on how to measure bladder pressure with arterial line and [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=boknlf6cqXg video].		;[https://emergencymedicinecases.com/em-quick-hits-jan2021/ Link to] steps on how to measure bladder pressure with arterial line and [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=boknlf6cqXg video].
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	===Diagnosis===		===Diagnosis=== <!--T:14-->

			<!--T:15-->
	*Abdominal compartment syndrome = IAH >20 mmHg PLUS end-organ damage		*Abdominal compartment syndrome = IAH >20 mmHg PLUS end-organ damage
	*Abdominal perfusion pressure <60 mmHg suggests abdominal hypoperfusion<ref>Al-Dorzi HM et al. Intra-abdominal pressure and abdominal perfusion pressure in cirrhotic patients with septic shock. Ann Intensive Care. 2012; 2(Suppl 1): S4.</ref>		*Abdominal perfusion pressure <60 mmHg suggests abdominal hypoperfusion<ref>Al-Dorzi HM et al. Intra-abdominal pressure and abdominal perfusion pressure in cirrhotic patients with septic shock. Ann Intensive Care. 2012; 2(Suppl 1): S4.</ref>
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	==Management==		==Management== <!--T:16-->


	===Nonoperative===		===Nonoperative=== <!--T:17-->

			<!--T:18-->
	''Often first line approach when no abdominal injury present<ref>Hunt, L., Frost, S. A., Hillman, K., Newton, P. J. and Davidson, P. M. (2014) ‘Management of intra-abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome: a review’, Journal of Trauma Management & Outcomes, 8(1).</ref>''		''Often first line approach when no abdominal injury present<ref>Hunt, L., Frost, S. A., Hillman, K., Newton, P. J. and Davidson, P. M. (2014) ‘Management of intra-abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome: a review’, Journal of Trauma Management & Outcomes, 8(1).</ref>''
	*Limit fluid resuscitation		*Limit fluid resuscitation
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	===Operative===		===Operative=== <!--T:19-->

			<!--T:20-->
	''Definitive treatment''		''Definitive treatment''
	*Laparotomy provides decompression		*Laparotomy provides decompression
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	==Disposition==		==Disposition== <!--T:21-->

			<!--T:22-->
	*Admit		*Admit


	==See Also==		==See Also== <!--T:23-->

			<!--T:24-->
	*"Traditional" [[Special:MyLanguage/compartment syndrome\|compartment syndrome]]		*"Traditional" [[Special:MyLanguage/compartment syndrome\|compartment syndrome]]


	==External Links==		==External Links== <!--T:25-->


	==References==		==References== <!--T:26-->

			<!--T:27-->
	<references/>		<references/>

			<!--T:28-->
	[[Category:GI]]		[[Category:GI]]
	[[Category:Surgery]]		[[Category:Surgery]]
	[[Category:Critical Care]]		[[Category:Critical Care]]
	</translate>		</translate>

Ostermayer: Prepared the page for translation

2026-01-04T15:55:08Z

Prepared the page for translation

Show changes

Rossdonaldson1: /* Evaluation */

2024-09-26T21:18:42Z

Evaluation

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:18, 26 September 2024
Line 45:		Line 45:
	;[https://emergencymedicinecases.com/em-quick-hits-jan2021/ Link to] steps on how to measure bladder pressure with arterial line and [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=boknlf6cqXg video].		;[https://emergencymedicinecases.com/em-quick-hits-jan2021/ Link to] steps on how to measure bladder pressure with arterial line and [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=boknlf6cqXg video].
	*Obtain bladder pressure		*Obtain bladder pressure
	**Normal < 12 mmHg		**Normal = <12 mmHg
	**Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) = 12 - 20 mmHg		**Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) = 12 - 20 mmHg
			**Concern for abdominal compartment syndrome = >20 mmHg (also requires evidence of end-organ damage)

	===Diagnosis===		===Diagnosis===
	**Abdominal compartment syndrome = IAH >20 mmHg PLUS end-organ damage		*Abdominal compartment syndrome = IAH >20 mmHg PLUS end-organ damage
	*Abdominal perfusion pressure <60 mmHg suggests abdominal hypoperfusion<ref>Al-Dorzi HM et al. Intra-abdominal pressure and abdominal perfusion pressure in cirrhotic patients with septic shock. Ann Intensive Care. 2012; 2(Suppl 1): S4.</ref>		*Abdominal perfusion pressure <60 mmHg suggests abdominal hypoperfusion<ref>Al-Dorzi HM et al. Intra-abdominal pressure and abdominal perfusion pressure in cirrhotic patients with septic shock. Ann Intensive Care. 2012; 2(Suppl 1): S4.</ref>
	*Note that IVC scanning for volume status is especially unreliable as collapse may not represent volume depletion in the context of high intra-abdominal pressures<ref>Bauman Z et al. Inferior vena cava collapsibility loses correlation with internal jugular vein collapsibility during increased thoracic or intra-abdominal pressure. J Ultrasound. 2015 Dec; 18(4): 343–348.</ref>		*Note that IVC scanning for volume status is especially unreliable as collapse may not represent volume depletion in the context of high intra-abdominal pressures<ref>Bauman Z et al. Inferior vena cava collapsibility loses correlation with internal jugular vein collapsibility during increased thoracic or intra-abdominal pressure. J Ultrasound. 2015 Dec; 18(4): 343–348.</ref>

Rossdonaldson1: /* Workup */

2024-09-26T21:17:05Z

Workup

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:17, 26 September 2024
Line 43:		Line 43:
	===Workup===		===Workup===
	''Physical exam is neither sensitive nor specific''		''Physical exam is neither sensitive nor specific''
			;[https://emergencymedicinecases.com/em-quick-hits-jan2021/ Link to] steps on how to measure bladder pressure with arterial line and [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=boknlf6cqXg video].
	*Obtain bladder pressure		*Obtain bladder pressure
	**Normal < 12 mmHg		**Normal < 12 mmHg
	**Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) = 12 - 20 mmHg		**Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) = 12 - 20 mmHg
	~~;[https://emergencymedicinecases.com/em-quick-hits-jan2021/ Link to] steps on how to measure bladder pressure with arterial line and [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=boknlf6cqXg video].~~

	===Diagnosis===		===Diagnosis===

Rossdonaldson1: /* Evaluation */

2024-09-26T21:16:36Z

Evaluation

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:16, 26 September 2024
Line 41:		Line 41:
	[[File:PMC3267056 jkss-81-S1-g002.png\|thumb\|Abdominal compartment syndrome caused by bulimia post vomiting. CT shows dilated stomach with food and air pressed other visceral organs and major abdominal vessels.]]		[[File:PMC3267056 jkss-81-S1-g002.png\|thumb\|Abdominal compartment syndrome caused by bulimia post vomiting. CT shows dilated stomach with food and air pressed other visceral organs and major abdominal vessels.]]
	[[File:PMC4972924 gr2.png\|thumb\|A case of abdominal compartment syndrome derived from simple elongated sigmoid colon in an elderly man.. Abdominal CT scan of the patient pre-decompression (a) and post-decompression (b). The arrow shows the inferior vena cava, which was collapsed pre-decompression.]]		[[File:PMC4972924 gr2.png\|thumb\|A case of abdominal compartment syndrome derived from simple elongated sigmoid colon in an elderly man.. Abdominal CT scan of the patient pre-decompression (a) and post-decompression (b). The arrow shows the inferior vena cava, which was collapsed pre-decompression.]]
			===Workup===
	''Physical exam is neither sensitive nor specific''		''Physical exam is neither sensitive nor specific''
	*Obtain bladder pressure		*Obtain bladder pressure
	**Normal < 12 mmHg		**Normal < 12 mmHg
	**Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) = 12 - 20 mmHg		**Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) = 12 - 20 mmHg
			;[https://emergencymedicinecases.com/em-quick-hits-jan2021/ Link to] steps on how to measure bladder pressure with arterial line and [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=boknlf6cqXg video].

			===Diagnosis===
	**Abdominal compartment syndrome = IAH >20 mmHg PLUS end-organ damage		**Abdominal compartment syndrome = IAH >20 mmHg PLUS end-organ damage
	**[https://emergencymedicinecases.com/em-quick-hits-jan2021/ Link to] steps on how to measure bladder pressure with arterial line and [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=boknlf6cqXg video].
	*Abdominal perfusion pressure <60 mmHg suggests abdominal hypoperfusion<ref>Al-Dorzi HM et al. Intra-abdominal pressure and abdominal perfusion pressure in cirrhotic patients with septic shock. Ann Intensive Care. 2012; 2(Suppl 1): S4.</ref>		*Abdominal perfusion pressure <60 mmHg suggests abdominal hypoperfusion<ref>Al-Dorzi HM et al. Intra-abdominal pressure and abdominal perfusion pressure in cirrhotic patients with septic shock. Ann Intensive Care. 2012; 2(Suppl 1): S4.</ref>
	*Note that IVC scanning for volume status is especially unreliable as collapse may not represent volume depletion in the context of high intra-abdominal pressures<ref>Bauman Z et al. Inferior vena cava collapsibility loses correlation with internal jugular vein collapsibility during increased thoracic or intra-abdominal pressure. J Ultrasound. 2015 Dec; 18(4): 343–348.</ref>		*Note that IVC scanning for volume status is especially unreliable as collapse may not represent volume depletion in the context of high intra-abdominal pressures<ref>Bauman Z et al. Inferior vena cava collapsibility loses correlation with internal jugular vein collapsibility during increased thoracic or intra-abdominal pressure. J Ultrasound. 2015 Dec; 18(4): 343–348.</ref>

Rossdonaldson1: /* Evaluation */

2024-09-26T21:15:02Z

Evaluation

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:15, 26 September 2024
Line 45:		Line 45:
	**Normal < 12 mmHg		**Normal < 12 mmHg
	**Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) = 12 - 20 mmHg		**Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) = 12 - 20 mmHg
	**Abdominal compartment syndrome = IAH > 20 mmHg PLUS end-organ damage		**Abdominal compartment syndrome = IAH >20 mmHg PLUS end-organ damage
	**[https://emergencymedicinecases.com/em-quick-hits-jan2021/ Link to] steps on how to measure bladder pressure with arterial line and [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=boknlf6cqXg video].		**[https://emergencymedicinecases.com/em-quick-hits-jan2021/ Link to] steps on how to measure bladder pressure with arterial line and [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=boknlf6cqXg video].
	*Abdominal perfusion pressure < 60 mmHg suggests abdominal hypoperfusion<ref>Al-Dorzi HM et al. Intra-abdominal pressure and abdominal perfusion pressure in cirrhotic patients with septic shock. Ann Intensive Care. 2012; 2(Suppl 1): S4.</ref>		*Abdominal perfusion pressure <60 mmHg suggests abdominal hypoperfusion<ref>Al-Dorzi HM et al. Intra-abdominal pressure and abdominal perfusion pressure in cirrhotic patients with septic shock. Ann Intensive Care. 2012; 2(Suppl 1): S4.</ref>
	*Note that IVC scanning for volume status is especially unreliable as collapse may not represent volume depletion in the context of high intra-abdominal pressures<ref>Bauman Z et al. Inferior vena cava collapsibility loses correlation with internal jugular vein collapsibility during increased thoracic or intra-abdominal pressure. J Ultrasound. 2015 Dec; 18(4): 343–348.</ref>		*Note that IVC scanning for volume status is especially unreliable as collapse may not represent volume depletion in the context of high intra-abdominal pressures<ref>Bauman Z et al. Inferior vena cava collapsibility loses correlation with internal jugular vein collapsibility during increased thoracic or intra-abdominal pressure. J Ultrasound. 2015 Dec; 18(4): 343–348.</ref>

Rossdonaldson1: /* Evaluation */

2024-09-26T21:14:38Z

Evaluation

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:14, 26 September 2024
Line 44:		Line 44:
	*Obtain bladder pressure		*Obtain bladder pressure
	**Normal < 12 mmHg		**Normal < 12 mmHg
	**Intra-abdominal hypertension 12 - 20 mmHg		**Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) = 12 - 20 mmHg
	**Abdominal compartment syndrome > 20 mmHg PLUS end-organ damage		**Abdominal compartment syndrome = IAH > 20 mmHg PLUS end-organ damage
	**[https://emergencymedicinecases.com/em-quick-hits-jan2021/ Link to] steps on how to measure bladder pressure with arterial line and [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=boknlf6cqXg video].		**[https://emergencymedicinecases.com/em-quick-hits-jan2021/ Link to] steps on how to measure bladder pressure with arterial line and [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=boknlf6cqXg video].
	*Abdominal perfusion pressure < 60 mmHg suggests abdominal hypoperfusion<ref>Al-Dorzi HM et al. Intra-abdominal pressure and abdominal perfusion pressure in cirrhotic patients with septic shock. Ann Intensive Care. 2012; 2(Suppl 1): S4.</ref>		*Abdominal perfusion pressure < 60 mmHg suggests abdominal hypoperfusion<ref>Al-Dorzi HM et al. Intra-abdominal pressure and abdominal perfusion pressure in cirrhotic patients with septic shock. Ann Intensive Care. 2012; 2(Suppl 1): S4.</ref>

Rossdonaldson1: /* Background */

2023-05-03T17:56:22Z

Background

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:56, 3 May 2023
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	==Background==		==Background==
	[[File:~~Body Cavities Frontal view labeled~~.~~jpg~~\|thumb\|Lateral view showing abdominopelvic cavity.]]		[[File:Scheme body cavities-en.png\|thumb\|Lateral view showing abdominopelvic cavity.]]
	*Organ dysfunction caused by intrabdominal hypertension		*Organ dysfunction caused by intrabdominal hypertension
	*Increased intrabdominal pressure resulting in decreased organ perfusion, impaired hemodynamics		*Increased intrabdominal pressure resulting in decreased organ perfusion, impaired hemodynamics

Rossdonaldson1: /* Background */

2023-05-03T17:55:26Z

Background

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:55, 3 May 2023
Line 1:		Line 1:
	==Background==		==Background==
			[[File:Body Cavities Frontal view labeled.jpg\|thumb\|Lateral view showing abdominopelvic cavity.]]
	*Organ dysfunction caused by intrabdominal hypertension		*Organ dysfunction caused by intrabdominal hypertension
	*Increased intrabdominal pressure resulting in decreased organ perfusion, impaired hemodynamics		*Increased intrabdominal pressure resulting in decreased organ perfusion, impaired hemodynamics

Rossdonaldson1: /* See Also */

2023-01-11T18:54:58Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:54, 11 January 2023
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	==See Also==		==See Also==
	*"Traditional" [[compartment syndrome]]		*"Traditional" [[compartment syndrome]]

			==External Links==

	==References==		==References==