Hydrofluoric acid - Revision history

Danbot: Add verified PubMed references (PMIDs 36334175, 25114621)

2026-03-22T10:43:52Z

Add verified PubMed references (PMIDs 36334175, 25114621)

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:43, 22 March 2026
Line 1:		Line 1:
	==Background==		==Background==
	*Used in both commercial and home setting		*Used in both commercial and home setting<ref>Cheong H, Kim J. Fatal hydrofluoric acid poisoning: histologic findings and review of the literature. Forensic Sci Med Pathol. 2023 Mar;19(1):67-71. PMID 36334175</ref>
	**Rust remover (most common home use)		**Rust remover (most common home use)
	**Glass etching, chrome and other metal cleaning, petroleum processing		**Glass etching, chrome and other metal cleaning, petroleum processing
Line 11:		Line 11:
	***Pain immediately (even if wound appears minor) implies severe injury		***Pain immediately (even if wound appears minor) implies severe injury
	*Burn itself may appear relatively minor		*Burn itself may appear relatively minor
	*Toxicity caused by binding of calcium and magnesium leading to electrolyte derangement and myocardial dysfunction		*Toxicity caused by binding of calcium and magnesium leading to electrolyte derangement and myocardial dysfunction<ref>McKee D, et al. A review of hydrofluoric acid burn management. Plast Surg (Oakv). 2014 Summer;22(2):95-8. PMID 25114621</ref>

	==Clinical Features==		==Clinical Features==

2026-03-20T18:38:44Z

Add MedicationDose entries (calcium gluconate topical/intradermal/Bier block) with SMW annotations

@@ Line 92: / Line 92: @@
 *May see [[QTc prolongation]], [[cardiac arrhythmia]], or obvious systemic illness
 *Treat [[hyperkalemia]] as needed
 ==Disposition==

2021-07-08T18:11:29Z

Clinical Features

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:11, 8 July 2021
Line 14:		Line 14:

	==Clinical Features==		==Clinical Features==
			[[File:HF burned hands.jpg\|thumb\|Hydrofluoric acid (HF) burns, which were not evident until a day after exposure.]]
	[[File:Hydrofluoric_acid_burn.png\|thumb\|Hydrofluoric acid burn]]		[[File:Hydrofluoric_acid_burn.png\|thumb\|Hydrofluoric acid burn]]
	*Skin exposure		*Skin exposure

2020-12-01T08:36:43Z

Minor injuries (<50 cm2 from dilute solutions <20%)

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:36, 1 December 2020
Line 52:		Line 52:
	**Calcium gel is commercially available (found in industrial first-aid kits)		**Calcium gel is commercially available (found in industrial first-aid kits)
	**Calcium gel can be made:		**Calcium gel can be made:
	***Mix calcium gluconate powder 3.5gm with 150mL water-soluble lubricant '''OR'''		***Mix calcium gluconate powder 3.5gm with 150mL water-soluble lubricant (KY-Jelly) '''OR'''
	***Mix 25mL 10% calcium gluconate solution with 75mL water-soluble lubricant		***Mix 25mL 10% calcium gluconate solution with 75mL water-soluble lubricant (KY-Jelly)
	**Benzalkonium Cl is commercially available		**Benzalkonium Cl is commercially available
	**If calcium gluconate is not available calcium chloride can be used		**If calcium gluconate is not available calcium chloride can be used

2020-03-24T15:54:48Z

Evaluation

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:54, 24 March 2020
Line 40:		Line 40:
	*Monitor EKG for signs of electrolyte abnormality		*Monitor EKG for signs of electrolyte abnormality
	**[[QTc prolongation]]		**[[QTc prolongation]]
	**[[VT]]		**[[Ventricular tachycardia]]

	==Management==		==Management==

2019-06-27T17:57:21Z

Inhalation

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:57, 27 June 2019
Line 81:		Line 81:

	===Inhalation===		===Inhalation===
			*Consider in any patient with facial burns or exposure to HF in confined space
	*Oxygen via NRB		*Oxygen via NRB
	*Nebulized 2.5% calcium gluconate		*Nebulized 2.5% calcium gluconate
			*Intubation may be required in severe cases

	===Systemic toxicity===		===Systemic toxicity===

2019-06-27T17:55:10Z

Refractory injuries

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:55, 27 June 2019
Line 63:		Line 63:

	====Refractory injuries====		====Refractory injuries====
	*Treat with intra-arterial ~~infusion of~~ calcium gluconate		*Treat with intravenous infusion of calcium gluconate using Bier block
			**Place tourniquet proximal to exposure site on affected extremity and inject though IV distal to tourniquet
			**Inject 10 mL of 10% Ca gluconate diluted in 40 mL of saline and remove tourniquet after 20 min of dwell time
			*In severe refractory cases may also infuse intra-arterial calcium gluconate
	**Deliver via arterial line placed proximal to injury in the same limb		**Deliver via arterial line placed proximal to injury in the same limb
	**Infuse ~~10mL~~ of 10% Ca gluconate ~~dilued~~ in 40mL of ~~NS or D5water~~ over 4 hr		**Infuse 10 mL of 10% Ca gluconate diluted in 40mL of saline over 4 hr

	===Ocular burns===		===Ocular burns===

2019-06-27T17:46:13Z

Clinical Features

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:46, 27 June 2019
Line 17:		Line 17:
	*Skin exposure		*Skin exposure
	**[[Burns]]		**[[Burns]]
			**Pain out of proportion to extent of burn
	*Ophthalmic exposure		*Ophthalmic exposure
	**[[Eye pain]]		**[[Eye pain]]

2019-06-27T17:44:40Z

Background

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:44, 27 June 2019
Line 11:		Line 11:
	***Pain immediately (even if wound appears minor) implies severe injury		***Pain immediately (even if wound appears minor) implies severe injury
	*Burn itself may appear relatively minor		*Burn itself may appear relatively minor
	*Toxicity caused by binding of calcium		*Toxicity caused by binding of calcium and magnesium leading to electrolyte derangement and myocardial dysfunction

	==Clinical Features==		==Clinical Features==

2019-06-27T17:34:55Z

Clinical Features