Japanese encephalitis - Revision history

ClaireLewis at 22:36, 1 October 2019

2019-10-01T22:36:25Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:36, 1 October 2019
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	[[File:Japanese encephalitis distribution.jpg\|thumb\|Japanese encephalitis geographic distribution]]		[[File:Japanese encephalitis distribution.jpg\|thumb\|Japanese encephalitis geographic distribution]]
	*Mosquito-borne flavivirus		*Mosquito-borne flavivirus
	*One of the most common causes of encephalitis globally		*One of the most common causes of [[encephalitis]] globally
	*Highly endemic in parts of Asia and the Western Pacific		*Highly endemic in parts of Asia and the Western Pacific
	*Up to 70,000 cases, 15,000 deaths annually		*Up to 70,000 cases, 15,000 deaths annually
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	*[[SAH]]		*[[SAH]]
	*[[Lyme disease]]		*[[Lyme disease]]
	*Brain abscess		*[[Brain abscess]]
	*Bacterial [[endocarditis]]		*Bacterial [[endocarditis]]
	*Toxic / metabolic encephalopathy		*Toxic / metabolic encephalopathy
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	==Evaluation==		==Evaluation==
	*Usually diagnosed by clinical suspicion		*Usually diagnosed by clinical suspicion
	*Lumbar puncture if any concern for [[HSV]], [[VZV]], or [[bacterial meningitis]]		*[[Lumbar puncture]] if any concern for [[HSV]], [[VZV]], or [[bacterial meningitis]]
	**Can test CSF for Japanese encephalitis		**Can test CSF for Japanese encephalitis

	==Management==		==Management==
	*Supportive		*Supportive
	**IVF, electrolyte repletion antipyretics		**[[IVF]], [[electrolyte repletion]], antipyretics
	**Antiepileptics for seizures		**[[Antiepileptics]] for seizures
	**Depressed mental status may require intubation for airway protection		**Depressed mental status may require intubation for airway protection
	*Consider empiric [[acyclovir]] and [[antibiotics]] if HSV or bacterial causes not ruled out		*Consider empiric [[acyclovir]] and [[antibiotics]] if HSV or bacterial causes not ruled out

ClaireLewis: /* Clinical Features */

2016-12-11T04:45:43Z

Clinical Features

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:45, 11 December 2016
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	==Clinical Features==		==Clinical Features==
	*5-15 day ~~incubations~~		*5-15 day incubation
	*Sudden, high [[fever]]		*Sudden, high [[fever]]
	*[[Headache]]		*[[Headache]]
	*Nuchal rigidity and other meningeal signs		*Nuchal rigidity and other meningeal signs
	*[[Seizure]] (especially in infants)		*[[Seizure]] (especially in infants)
	*Various pyramidal and extrapyramidal signs		*Various pyramidal and extrapyramidal signs

	==Differential Diagnosis==		==Differential Diagnosis==

ClaireLewis: Created page with "==Background== Japanese encephalitis geographic distribution Mosquito-borne flavivirus One of the most common causes of..."

2016-12-11T04:45:28Z

Created page with "==Background== thumb|Japanese encephalitis geographic distribution *Mosquito-borne flavivirus *One of the most common causes of..."

New page

==Background==
[[File:Japanese encephalitis distribution.jpg|thumb|Japanese encephalitis geographic distribution]]
*Mosquito-borne flavivirus
*One of the most common causes of encephalitis globally
*Highly endemic in parts of Asia and the Western Pacific
*Up to 70,000 cases, 15,000 deaths annually
*Usually affects children in endemic areas, as most adults have been exposed and are immune
*Rare in tourists, as the vector ''Culex'' mosquito breeds primarily in rural rice paddies

==Clinical Features==
*5-15 day incubations
*Sudden, high [[fever]]
*[[Headache]]
*Nuchal rigidity and other meningeal signs
*[[Seizure]] (especially in infants)
*Various pyramidal and extrapyramidal signs

==Differential Diagnosis==
*[[SAH]]
*[[Lyme disease]]
*Brain abscess
*Bacterial [[endocarditis]]
*Toxic / metabolic encephalopathy

{{AMS and fever DDX}}

==Evaluation==
*Usually diagnosed by clinical suspicion
*Lumbar puncture if any concern for [[HSV]], [[VZV]], or [[bacterial meningitis]]
**Can test CSF for Japanese encephalitis

==Management==
*Supportive
**IVF, electrolyte repletion antipyretics
**Antiepileptics for seizures
**Depressed mental status may require intubation for airway protection
*Consider empiric [[acyclovir]] and [[antibiotics]] if HSV or bacterial causes not ruled out

==Disposition==
*Admit all but very mild illness
*Recovery can take months, some deficits may be permanent

==See Also==
*[[Encephalitis]]
*[[Fever in traveler]]

==External Links==

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:ID]] [[Category:Neurology]]

Japanese encephalitis - Revision history

ClaireLewis at 22:36, 1 October 2019

ClaireLewis: /* Clinical Features */

ClaireLewis: Created page with "==Background== Japanese encephalitis geographic distribution *Mosquito-borne flavivirus *One of the most common causes of..."

ClaireLewis: Created page with "==Background== Japanese encephalitis geographic distribution Mosquito-borne flavivirus One of the most common causes of..."