Gastroparesis: Difference between revisions
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==Background== | ==Background== | ||
*Symptomatic chronic stomach disorder characterized by delayed gastric emptying without mechanical obstruction | *Symptomatic chronic stomach disorder characterized by delayed gastric emptying without mechanical obstruction | ||
*More common in women | *More common in women, presumed due to elevated progesterone | ||
*Disease associated with reduced quality of life | |||
*Most commonly seen in diabetics, but other etiologies listed below | |||
*Disease associated with reduced quality of life | |||
==Causes of Non-Obstructive Delayed Gastric Emptying== | ==Causes of Non-Obstructive Delayed Gastric Emptying== | ||
Revision as of 02:20, 6 January 2017
Background
- Symptomatic chronic stomach disorder characterized by delayed gastric emptying without mechanical obstruction
- More common in women, presumed due to elevated progesterone
- Disease associated with reduced quality of life
- Most commonly seen in diabetics, but other etiologies listed below
Causes of Non-Obstructive Delayed Gastric Emptying
- Idiopathic
- Diabetes mellitus
- Postsurgical/Vagal nerve injury
- GI disorders associated with delated gastric emptying
- GERD
- Achalasia
- Atrophic gastritis
- Functional dyspepsia
- Hypertrophic Pyloric stenosis
- Celiac disease
- Non-GI disorders associated with delayed gastric emptying
- Eating disorders: Anorexia nervosa
- Neurologic disorders such as parkinson's
- Collagen vascular disorders
- Endocrine and metabolic disorders
- Thyroid/Parathyroid dysfunction
- Chronic renal insufficiency
- Medication associated
- Most commonly used: Opioid analgesics, anticholinergics, progesterone, PPIs, alcohol, tobacco
Clinical Features
- Symptons variable and include:
- Early satiety
- Nausea and vomiting
- Bloating and upper abdominal discomfort
- Abdominal pain (not predominant symptom)
- Signs, long standing disease:
- Dehydration
- Malnourishment
- Functional dyspepsia- abdominal pain is the predominant symptom
Differential Diagnosis
By organ system
GI
- Peptic ulcer disease
- Mechanical Obstruction
- Adhesion
- Small bowel obstruction/LBO
- Gastric outlet obstruction/Pyloric stenosis
- Volvulus
- Strangulated hernia
- Pancreatitis
- Appendicitis
- Cholecystitis
- Cholangitis
- Acute Hepatitis
- IBD
- Intussusception
- Malignancy
- Mesenteric ischemia
- Esophageal disorders (e.g. achalasia, GERD, esophagitis
- Functional disorders
- Psychogenic
- IBS
Neurologic
Infectious
Drugs/Toxins
- Heavy metal poisoning
- Methanol poisoning
Endocrine
Miscellaneous
- Anorexia/bulimia
- Depression
Evaluation
- Diagnosed by demonstrating delayed gastric emptying in a symptomatic patient after other etiologies are excluded
- Initial diagnosis requires exclusion of other etiologies and may include an upper endoscopy or gastrointestinal series