Core ultrasound findings: Difference between revisions

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==Findings on Classic Exams==
==Findings on Classic Exams==
===[[Ultrasound: Aorta|Aorta]]===
===[[Aortic ultrasound|Aorta]]===
*Greatest diameter in cm (complete study is from celiac to bifurcation)
*Greatest diameter in cm (complete study is from celiac to bifurcation)


===[[Ultrasound: Bladder|Bladder]]===
===[[Bladder ultrasound|Bladder]]===
*Volume calculated with measurements on 3 axes  
*Volume calculated with measurements on 3 axes  


===[[Ultrasound: Cardiac|Cardiac]]===
===[[Cardiac ultrasound|Cardiac]]===
*Pericardial effusion
*Pericardial effusion
**None, Small (<1cm), Mod (1-2cm), Large (>2cm)
**None, Small (<1cm), Mod (1-2cm), Large (>2cm)
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*Aortic root in cm (measured outside to inside)
*Aortic root in cm (measured outside to inside)


===[[Ultrasound: DVT|DVT]]===
===[[DVT ultrasound|DVT]]===
*Identify noncompressible vessels
*Identify noncompressible vessels
**Greater Saph DVT, Fem DVT, Pop DVT
**Greater Saph DVT, Fem DVT, Pop DVT


===[[Ultrasound: FAST|E-FAST]]===
===[[FAST exam|E-FAST]]===
*Free fluid  
*Free fluid  
**None, Morison’s, LUQ, Pelvic
**None, Morison’s, LUQ, Pelvic
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**None, R, L, B/L
**None, R, L, B/L


===[[Ultrasound: Gallbladder|Gallbladder]]===
===[[Biliary ultrasound|Gallbladder]]===
*Gallstones/sludge
*Gallstones/sludge
**Present, Absent
**Present, Absent
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**Present, Absent
**Present, Absent
*Gallbladder wall thickening
*Gallbladder wall thickening
**Present, Absent
**Anterior wall <4mm
*Common Bile duct dilatation
**Normal <4mm +1mm for every decade over 40
***Measure from inner to inner wall
*Sonographic Murphy’s
*Sonographic Murphy’s
**Present, Absent
**Present, Absent


===[[Ultrasound: IVC|IVC]]===
===[[IVC ultrasound|IVC]]===
*Diameter measured 2cm caudal from hepatic vein
*Diameter measured 2cm caudal from hepatic vein
**<1.5cm, 1.5-2.5cm, >2.5cm
**<1.5cm, 1.5-2.5cm, >2.5cm
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**Fracture, Joint effusion, Complete tendon rupture or Partial tendon rupture
**Fracture, Joint effusion, Complete tendon rupture or Partial tendon rupture


===[[Ultrasound: Pelvic (Transabdominal)|Pelvic (Transabdominal)]]===
===[[Pelvic ultrasound (transabdominal)]]===
*Definitive pregnancy
*Definitive pregnancy
**NDIUP or IUP
**NDIUP or IUP
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*Fetal heart rate in BPM
*Fetal heart rate in BPM


===[[Ultrasound: Pelvic (Transvanginal)|Pelvic (Transvanginal)]]===
===[[Pelvic ultrasound (transvaginal)]]===
*Definitive pregnancy
*Definitive pregnancy
**NDIUP or IUP
**NDIUP or IUP
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**No cysts, Simple cyst, Complex cyst
**No cysts, Simple cyst, Complex cyst


===[[Ultrasound: Renal|Renal]]===
===[[Renal ultrasound|Renal]]===
*Hydronephrosis
*Hydronephrosis
**No significant, Mild, Mod, Severe
**No significant, Mild, Mod, Severe
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**Not visualized, R, L, B/L
**Not visualized, R, L, B/L


===[[Ultrasound: Ocular|Ocular]]===
===[[Ocular ultrasound|Ocular]]===
*Describe abnormal findings
*Describe abnormal findings
**No posterior echoes, Retinal detachment, Vitreous detachment, Posterior echoes of uncertain etiology
**No posterior echoes, Retinal detachment, Vitreous detachment, Posterior echoes of uncertain etiology

Latest revision as of 18:41, 11 August 2017

Background

  • ED ultrasounds are focused point-of-care studies utilized to answer basic questions
  • The majority of these questions are yes/no or present/absent

Findings on Classic Exams

Aorta

  • Greatest diameter in cm (complete study is from celiac to bifurcation)

Bladder

  • Volume calculated with measurements on 3 axes

Cardiac

  • Pericardial effusion
    • None, Small (<1cm), Mod (1-2cm), Large (>2cm)
  • Squeeze
    • Poor, Mod, Good, Hyperdynamic
  • RV:LV ratio
    • <1:1, 1:1, >1:1
  • Aortic root in cm (measured outside to inside)

DVT

  • Identify noncompressible vessels
    • Greater Saph DVT, Fem DVT, Pop DVT

E-FAST

  • Free fluid
    • None, Morison’s, LUQ, Pelvic
  • Pericardial effusion
  • Pneumothorax
    • None, R, L, B/L
  • Hemothorax
    • None, R, L, B/L

Gallbladder

  • Gallstones/sludge
    • Present, Absent
  • Pericholecystic fluid
    • Present, Absent
  • Gallbladder wall thickening
    • Anterior wall <4mm
  • Common Bile duct dilatation
    • Normal <4mm +1mm for every decade over 40
      • Measure from inner to inner wall
  • Sonographic Murphy’s
    • Present, Absent

IVC

  • Diameter measured 2cm caudal from hepatic vein
    • <1.5cm, 1.5-2.5cm, >2.5cm
  • IVC collapse
    • No collapse, <50% collapse, >50% collapse

MSK

  • Identify presence of absence of exam indication
    • Fracture, Joint effusion, Complete tendon rupture or Partial tendon rupture

Pelvic ultrasound (transabdominal)

  • Definitive pregnancy
    • NDIUP or IUP
  • Free Fluid
    • No significant, Small, Mod, Large
  • Fetal heart rate in BPM

Pelvic ultrasound (transvaginal)

  • Definitive pregnancy
    • NDIUP or IUP
  • Free Fluid
    • No significant, Small, Mod, Large
  • Fetal heart rate in BPM
  • Ovary assessment
    • No cysts, Simple cyst, Complex cyst

Renal

  • Hydronephrosis
    • No significant, Mild, Mod, Severe
  • Stones
    • Present, Absent
  • Ureteral jets
    • Not visualized, R, L, B/L

Ocular

  • Describe abnormal findings
    • No posterior echoes, Retinal detachment, Vitreous detachment, Posterior echoes of uncertain etiology
  • Optic nerve sheath diameter in mm

Soft Tissue

  • Cobblestoning
    • Present, Absent
  • Abscess
    • Present, Absent
  • Foreign body
    • Present, Absent

Thoracic

  • B lines
    • <3, ≥3
  • Pneumothorax
    • None, R, L, B/L
  • Pleural effusion
    • None, R, L, B/L
  • Consolidation
    • None, R, L, B/L
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