Chlamydophila psittaci: Difference between revisions
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*6 avian serovars (A-F) and 2 mammalian isolates (WC and M56) | *6 avian serovars (A-F) and 2 mammalian isolates (WC and M56) | ||
*Reservoirs: birds (465 species), duck, geese, turkeys, cattle, muskrats | *Reservoirs: birds (465 species), duck, geese, turkeys, cattle, muskrats | ||
*Transmission: inhalation from aerosolized urine, feces, dried feces, eye secretions. Person-to-person transmission is possible but rare. | *Transmission: inhalation from aerosolized urine, feather dust, feces, dried feces, eye secretions. Person-to-person transmission is possible but rare. | ||
*Incubation period usually 5-14 days but can be up to 1 month | *Incubation period usually 5-14 days but can be up to 1 month | ||
*All transmittable to humans with potential for severe disease | *All transmittable to humans with potential for severe disease | ||
==Clinical Features== | ==Clinical Features== | ||
*High [[fever]] (up to 40.5C) | *High [[fever]] (up to 40.5C) | ||
*Common: | *Common: [[Bradycardia]], chills, [[headache]], [[myalgia]], nonproductive staccato [[cough]] | ||
*Less common: [[vomiting]], [[abdominal pain]], [[diarrhea]], trace [[hemoptysis]] | *Less common: [[vomiting]], [[abdominal pain]], [[diarrhea]], trace [[hemoptysis]] | ||
* | *Extrapulmonary complications: [[myocarditis]], [[endocarditis]], [[icterus]], [[encephalitis]], [[ARDS]], MODs | ||
==Differential Diagnosis== | ==Differential Diagnosis== | ||
{{Causes of pneumonia}} | |||
==Workup== | {{Lower respiratory zoonotic infections}} | ||
*CBC-leukopenia in 25% of cases | |||
==Evaluation== | |||
===Workup=== | |||
*CBC-[[leukopenia]] in 25% of cases | |||
*Chemistry | *Chemistry | ||
*CRP | *CRP | ||
* | *[[LFTs]] | ||
*[[CXR]]-usually lower lobe consolidation | *[[CXR]]-usually lower lobe consolidation, lobar or interstitial infiltrates | ||
*Sputum culture | *Sputum culture | ||
==Management== | ==Management== | ||
*[[Doxycycline]] 100mg PO Q12h x 10-14 days | *[[Doxycycline]] 100mg PO Q12h x 10-14 days '''OR''' | ||
*[[Azithromycin]] 500mg PO Qday x 7 days | *[[Azithromycin]] 500mg PO Qday x 7 days | ||
==Disposition== | ==Disposition== | ||
*Generally may be discharged | |||
==See Also== | |||
*[[Psittacosis]] | |||
== | ==References== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
[[Category:ID]] | [[Category:ID]] | ||
Latest revision as of 21:45, 28 August 2019
Background
- 6 avian serovars (A-F) and 2 mammalian isolates (WC and M56)
- Reservoirs: birds (465 species), duck, geese, turkeys, cattle, muskrats
- Transmission: inhalation from aerosolized urine, feather dust, feces, dried feces, eye secretions. Person-to-person transmission is possible but rare.
- Incubation period usually 5-14 days but can be up to 1 month
- All transmittable to humans with potential for severe disease
Clinical Features
- High fever (up to 40.5C)
- Common: Bradycardia, chills, headache, myalgia, nonproductive staccato cough
- Less common: vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, trace hemoptysis
- Extrapulmonary complications: myocarditis, endocarditis, icterus, encephalitis, ARDS, MODs
Differential Diagnosis
Causes of Pneumonia
Bacteria
Viral
- Common
- Influenza
- Respiratory syncytial virus
- Parainfluenza
- Rarer
- Adenovirus
- Metapneumovirus
- Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)
- Middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS)
- 2019-nCoV (COVID-19)
- Cause other diseases, but sometimes cause pneumonia
Fungal
- Histoplasmosis
- Coccidioidomycosis
- Blastomycosis
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP)
- Sporotrichosis
- Cryptococcosis
- Aspergillosis
- Candidiasis
Parasitic
Lower Respiratory Zoonotic Infections
- Psittacosis
- Anthrax (Bacillus anthracis)
- Brucellosis (Brucella species)
- Q fever (C. burnetti)
- Pasteurellosis (Pasteurella multocida)
- Melioidosis (Burkholderia pseudomallei)
- Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (R. rickettsii)
- Pulmonic Plague (Yersinia pestis)
- Influenza A
- Hantavirus
Evaluation
Workup
- CBC-leukopenia in 25% of cases
- Chemistry
- CRP
- LFTs
- CXR-usually lower lobe consolidation, lobar or interstitial infiltrates
- Sputum culture
Management
- Doxycycline 100mg PO Q12h x 10-14 days OR
- Azithromycin 500mg PO Qday x 7 days
Disposition
- Generally may be discharged