Septic arthritis (peds): Difference between revisions

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#Trauma
#Trauma
#Septic arthritis
#Septic arthritis
#Acute rheumatic fever
#[[Acute Rheumatic Fever]]
#Poststreptococcal reactive arthritis
#[[Reactive Arthritis (Poststreptococcal)]]
#Gonococcal arthritis
#Gonococcal arthritis
#Lyme disease
#Lyme disease
#Sickle cell crisis
#Sickle cell crisis
#Henoch-Schönlein purpura
#[[Henoch-Schonlein Purpura (HSP)]]
#Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease
#[[Legg Calve Perthes Disease]]
#Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
#[[Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis (SCFE)]]
#Osteomyelitis
#Osteomyelitis
#Juvenile rheumatic arthritis
#[[Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis]]
#Transient synovitis
#Transient synovitis
#Hemophilia
#Hemophilia
#Osgood-Schlatter disease
#[[Osgood Schlatter Disease]]


== Treatment ==
== Treatment ==

Revision as of 20:02, 27 June 2011

Background

  • Most often in pts <3yo
  • MSSA and MRSA are most common causes in all age groups
  • Pts w/ SCD, RA and IBD at increased risk

Diagnosis

  • Neonates
    • Do not appear ill
    • Only 50% have fever
  • Older infants, toddlers, children
    • Fever (>101.3), localizing signs
  • Labs
    • CRP >20
    • WBC >12K

Work-Up

  • Labs
    • CBC, Blood cx, ESR, CRP, Throat cx
  • Arthrocentesis
    • Cell count, GS, glucose, cx

DDx

  1. Reactive or toxic synovitis
  2. Trauma
  3. Septic arthritis
  4. Acute Rheumatic Fever
  5. Reactive Arthritis (Poststreptococcal)
  6. Gonococcal arthritis
  7. Lyme disease
  8. Sickle cell crisis
  9. Henoch-Schonlein Purpura (HSP)
  10. Legg Calve Perthes Disease
  11. Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis (SCFE)
  12. Osteomyelitis
  13. Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
  14. Transient synovitis
  15. Hemophilia
  16. Osgood Schlatter Disease

Treatment

  1. Joint drainage
  2. IV Abx
Age Suspected Organism Antibiotics
Newborn (0–2 mo) Staphylococcus aureus  Vancomycin, 10 milligrams/kg every 6–8 h
or 
Clindamycin, 10 milligrams/kg every 6–8 h
Group B Streptococcus  Ampicillin, 50–100 milligrams/kg every 6 h
and 
Cefotaxime, 50 milligrams/kg every 6–8 h
or 
Ceftriaxone, 50 milligrams/kg every 12 h
Gram-negative bacilli Cefotaxime, 50 milligrams/kg every 8 h
Neisseria gonorrhoeae  Cefotaxime, 50 milligrams/kg every 8 h
Unknown Vancomycin or clindamycin and cefotaxime or ceftriaxone (dosing as above)
Infant (2–36 mo) S. aureus  Vancomycin or clindamycin (dosing as above)
Streptococcus species  Clindamycin/cefotaxime/ceftriaxone (dosing as above)
Gram-negative bacilli Cefotaxime or ceftriaxone (dosing as above)
Haemophilus influenzae  Cefotaxime or ceftriaxone (dosing as above)
Unknown Vancomycin or clindamycin and cefotaxime or ceftriaxone
Child (>36 mo) S. aureus  Vancomycin or clindamycin
Streptococcus species  Clindamycin/cefotaxime/ceftriaxone
Gram-negative bacilli Cefotaxime or ceftriaxone
N. gonorrhoeae  Cefotaxime or ceftriaxone
Unknown Vancomycin or clindamycin and cefotaxime or ceftriaxone


Disposition

Admit

Source

Tintinalli