Bleeding dental socket: Difference between revisions
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==Background== | ==Background== | ||
[[File:Enamel.png|thumb|Diagram of the tooth displaying the enamel, dentin, and pulp]] | |||
{{Dental numbers}} | |||
==Clinical Features== | ==Clinical Features== | ||
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*Direct pressure on site of bleeding (can have patient bite on gauze or tea bag) | *Direct pressure on site of bleeding (can have patient bite on gauze or tea bag) | ||
**Pressure should be applied for 20 minutes | **Pressure should be applied for 20 minutes | ||
**Smaller gauze with focal pressure better than larger gauze that covers adjacent | **Smaller gauze with focal pressure better than larger gauze that covers adjacent teeth occlusal surface | ||
**Large clots should be wiped away prior to applying gauze | **Large clots should be wiped away prior to applying gauze | ||
*If direct pressure unsuccessful: | *If direct pressure unsuccessful: | ||
**Lidocaine with epinephrine injection | **Lidocaine with epinephrine injection; reapply gauze | ||
**Apply small piece of absorbable gelatin sponge (e.g. - Surgicel) | **Apply small piece of absorbable gelatin sponge (e.g. - Surgicel) | ||
**Consider [[Tranexamic acid]] (TXA): soak gauze in solution and apply to socket, with pressure | **Consider [[Tranexamic acid]] (TXA): soak gauze in solution and apply to socket, with pressure | ||
Latest revision as of 20:56, 2 December 2021
Background
Dental Numbering
- Adult (permanent) teeth identified by numbers
- From the midline to the back of the mouth on each side, there is a central incisor, a lateral incisor, a canine, two premolars (bicuspids), and three molars
- Children (non-permanent) teeth identified by letters
- Common landmarks:
- 1: Right upper wisdom
- 8 & 9: Upper incisors
- 16: Left upper wisdom
- 17: Left lower wisdom
- 24 & 25: Lower incisors
- 32: Right lower wisdom
Clinical Features
- Bleeding from dental socket
Differential Diagnosis
Dentoalveolar Injuries
Odontogenic Infections
- Acute alveolar osteitis (dry socket)
- Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (trench mouth)
- Dental abscess
- Periapical abscess
- Periodontal abscess
- Ludwig's angina
- Pulpitis (dental caries)
- Pericoronitis
- Peritonsillar abscess (PTA)
- Retropharyngeal abscess
- Vincent's angina - tonsillitis and pharyngitis
Other
Evaluation
- Clinical diagnosis
- Slight oozing normal for up to 24 hours post-extraction [1]
- Evaluate for bleeding disorder if bleeding not controlled with simple pressure (post-extraction bleeding often initial manifestation of coagulopathy) [2]
- CBC
- PT/INR
Management
- Direct pressure on site of bleeding (can have patient bite on gauze or tea bag)
- Pressure should be applied for 20 minutes
- Smaller gauze with focal pressure better than larger gauze that covers adjacent teeth occlusal surface
- Large clots should be wiped away prior to applying gauze
- If direct pressure unsuccessful:
- Lidocaine with epinephrine injection; reapply gauze
- Apply small piece of absorbable gelatin sponge (e.g. - Surgicel)
- Consider Tranexamic acid (TXA): soak gauze in solution and apply to socket, with pressure
- Flaps may be sutured closed
Disposition
- Discharge