Whiplash injury: Difference between revisions
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==Background== | ==Background== | ||
[[File:Anatomy of the Neck Sagittal Color MRI.png|thumb|Neck ligament anatomy. A: Anterior atlantooccipital membrane, B: Apical ligament of dens, C: Cruciate ligament of atlas, D: Tectorial membrane of atlanto-axial joint, E: Anterior longitudinal ligament, F: Posterior longitudinal ligament, G: Posterior atlanto-occipital membrane, H: Ligamenta flava, I:Nuchal ligament , J: Supraspinous ligament]] | |||
*Also known as Acute Cervical Strain | *Also known as Acute Cervical Strain | ||
*Sudden acceleration-deceleration trauma that occurs when car is rear-ended | *Sudden acceleration-deceleration trauma that occurs when car is rear-ended | ||
==Clinical Features== | ==Clinical Features== | ||
*Pain, stiffness, paracervical muscle tenderness | *[[neck pain|Pain]], stiffness, paracervical muscle tenderness | ||
*Isolated cervical strain should have ''normal'' [[neuro exam]] | |||
==Differential Diagnosis== | ==Differential Diagnosis== | ||
{{Blunt neck trauma DDX}} | {{Blunt neck trauma DDX}} | ||
== | ==Evaluation== | ||
*Clinical diagnosis by history and physical exam | |||
*Use [[C-Spine (NEXUS)]] criteria to determine whether imaging is required | |||
*Consider brain, cord, carotid/vertebral artery dissection if neuro findings are present | |||
==Management== | ==Management== | ||
* | *Symptomatic treatment e.g. [[ibuprofen]] | ||
* | *Studies have shown worsened range of motion and pain scores at 1 and 6 months after whiplash injury with placement of non-rigid (soft) cervical collars<ref>The role of non-rigid cervical collar in pain relief and functional restoration after whiplash injury: a systematic review and a pooled analysis of randomized controlled trials Ricciardi L, Stifano V, D’Arrigo S, et al. Eur Spine J. 2019;28(8):1821-1828.</ref> | ||
==Disposition== | ==Disposition== | ||
| Line 25: | Line 30: | ||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
== | ==References== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
[[Category:Trauma]] | [[Category:Trauma]] | ||
[[Category:Orthopedics]] | |||
[[Category:Sports Medicine]] | |||
Latest revision as of 20:23, 13 November 2024
Background
Neck ligament anatomy. A: Anterior atlantooccipital membrane, B: Apical ligament of dens, C: Cruciate ligament of atlas, D: Tectorial membrane of atlanto-axial joint, E: Anterior longitudinal ligament, F: Posterior longitudinal ligament, G: Posterior atlanto-occipital membrane, H: Ligamenta flava, I:Nuchal ligament , J: Supraspinous ligament
- Also known as Acute Cervical Strain
- Sudden acceleration-deceleration trauma that occurs when car is rear-ended
Clinical Features
- Pain, stiffness, paracervical muscle tenderness
- Isolated cervical strain should have normal neuro exam
Differential Diagnosis
Neck Trauma
- Penetrating neck trauma
- Blunt neck trauma
- Cervical injury
- Neurogenic shock
- Spinal cord injury
Evaluation
- Clinical diagnosis by history and physical exam
- Use C-Spine (NEXUS) criteria to determine whether imaging is required
- Consider brain, cord, carotid/vertebral artery dissection if neuro findings are present
Management
- Symptomatic treatment e.g. ibuprofen
- Studies have shown worsened range of motion and pain scores at 1 and 6 months after whiplash injury with placement of non-rigid (soft) cervical collars[1]
Disposition
- Generally outpatient management
See Also
External Links
References
- ↑ The role of non-rigid cervical collar in pain relief and functional restoration after whiplash injury: a systematic review and a pooled analysis of randomized controlled trials Ricciardi L, Stifano V, D’Arrigo S, et al. Eur Spine J. 2019;28(8):1821-1828.