Placenta accreta: Difference between revisions
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==Background== | ==Background== | ||
[[File:2910 The Placenta-02.jpg|thumb|Normal placental anatomy.]] | |||
[[File:Placenta accreta.png|thumb|Schematic showing types of placenta accreta.]] | |||
*Placenta accreta - superficial attachment to myometrium, uterus is possibly savable without hysterectomy | *Placenta accreta - superficial attachment to myometrium, uterus is possibly savable without hysterectomy | ||
*Usually requires hysterectomy | *Usually requires hysterectomy | ||
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**Placenta percreta - penetrates myometrium, into serosa, possibly bladder | **Placenta percreta - penetrates myometrium, into serosa, possibly bladder | ||
*Associated with [[Placental abruption]] | *Associated with [[Placental abruption]] | ||
== | ===Risk factors=== | ||
*Prior C-section | |||
*Other uterine surgery | |||
*Low lying placenta | |||
*[[Placenta previa]] | |||
*Grand multiparity | |||
*Asherman syndrome | |||
==Clinical Features<ref>https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/gynecology-and-obstetrics/abnormalities-and-complications-of-labor-and-delivery/placenta-accreta</ref>== | |||
*[[Postpartum hemorrhage]], often severe, is major risk | |||
*Typically causes no symptoms during pregnancy | |||
*May cause [[vaginal bleeding]] in 3rd trimester | |||
*May cause [[preterm labor]] | |||
*Placenta may not deliver within 30 min of delivery | |||
**Attempts at manual separation fail due to no natural plane of separation or may cause massive bleeding | |||
==Differential Diagnosis== | ==Differential Diagnosis== | ||
{{Abdominal Pain Pregnancy DDX}} | |||
==Evaluation== | |||
== | *[[Pelvic ultrasound]] | ||
*CBC, T&S | |||
==Management== | ==Management== | ||
*Consult Ob/gyn, particularly if significant bleeding | |||
*Resuscitate | |||
==Disposition== | ==Disposition== | ||
*Admit | |||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
*[[Pregnancy (main)]] | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
<References/> | <References/> | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:OBGYN]] | ||
Latest revision as of 21:19, 11 December 2024
Background
- Placenta accreta - superficial attachment to myometrium, uterus is possibly savable without hysterectomy
- Usually requires hysterectomy
- Placenta increta - invasion of myometrium
- Placenta percreta - penetrates myometrium, into serosa, possibly bladder
- Associated with Placental abruption
Risk factors
- Prior C-section
- Other uterine surgery
- Low lying placenta
- Placenta previa
- Grand multiparity
- Asherman syndrome
Clinical Features[1]
- Postpartum hemorrhage, often severe, is major risk
- Typically causes no symptoms during pregnancy
- May cause vaginal bleeding in 3rd trimester
- May cause preterm labor
- Placenta may not deliver within 30 min of delivery
- Attempts at manual separation fail due to no natural plane of separation or may cause massive bleeding
Differential Diagnosis
Abdominal Pain in Pregnancy
The same abdominal pain differential as non-pregnant patients, plus:
<20 Weeks
- Ectopic pregnancy
- First trimester abortion
- Complete abortion
- Threatened abortion
- Inevitable abortion
- Incomplete abortion
- Missed abortion
- Septic abortion
- Round ligament stretching
- Incarcerated uterus
- Malposition of the uterus
>20 Weeks
- Labor/Preterm labor
- Placental abruption
- Placenta previa
- Vasa previa
- Uterine rupture
- Vaginal trauma
- HELLP syndrome
- Cholestasis of pregnancy
- Chorioamnionitis
- Incarcerated uterus
- Acute fatty liver of pregnancy
- Malposition of the uterus
- Placenta accreta
- Placenta increta
- Placenta percreta
Any time
- Hemorrhagic ovarian cyst
- Fibroid degeneration or torsion
- Ovarian torsion
- Constipation
Evaluation
- Pelvic ultrasound
- CBC, T&S
Management
- Consult Ob/gyn, particularly if significant bleeding
- Resuscitate
Disposition
- Admit