Mannitol: Difference between revisions
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Revision as of 17:43, 26 June 2016
General
- Type: sugar alcohol, derived from mannose, stereo-isomer of sorbitol
- Dosage Forms: Reconstituted powder and solution[1]
- 5% and 10% in 1000 ml containers
- 15% in 500 ml containers
- 20% in 250 ml and 500 ml containers
- 25% in 50 ml flip-top vials
- Common Trade Names: Mannitol, Osmitrol
Dosing
Adult
Elevated intracranial pressure
- 0.25-2 G/kg given every 6 to 8 hours[2]
- Should be given as a one time bolus (may be inferior to Hypertonic Saline)[3]
- Easy ED dosing: 1mg/kg bolus in ED (while awaiting neurosurgery eval/admission)
Pediatric Dosing
Cerebral edema
- 0.25-1 g/kg IV initially; maintenance dose of 0.25-0.5 g/kg IV q4-6hr[4]
Special Populations
- Pregnancy Rating: C
- Lactation:
- Renal Dosing
- Adult
- Pediatric
- Hepatic Dosing
- Adult
- Pediatric
Indications
- Lowering ICP with signs of impending herniation or severely deteriorating mental status in context of known trauma or intracranial lesion exerting mass effect
Contraindications
- Allergy to class/drug
Adverse Reactions
Serious
Common
Pharmacology
- Half-life:
- Metabolism:
- Excretion:
- Mechanism of Action: