Gamma hydroxybutyrate withdrawal: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 04:51, 12 July 2016

Abbreviation: GHB
Frequently referred to as the "date rape drug"
Central nervous system depressant
GABA-B agonist (as opposed to GABA-A agonists - alcohol, benzodiazepines, etc)
Abused for:
- Body building or sleep enhancement
- euphoric, sexual, stimulant, and relaxant effects
- Surreptitious drugging to facilitate sexual assault
Also used therapeutically in the treatment of narcolepsy^[1]

Effects start in 15-20 minutes, peak in 30-60 minutes,
Lipid soluble, readily crosses the blood brain barrier
Elimination is dose-dependent; half-life of 20-50 minutes
The duration of GHB's clinical effects depends upon the dose, and ranges from 2.5-4 hours

Is a metabolite and precursor of GABA
Interacts with GHB-specific receptors and also acts as a direct agonist of GABA-B receptors
Affects multiple neurotransmitter systems, including those of opioids, dopamine, serotonin, glutamate, and acetylcholine
Gamma butyrolactone (GBL) and 1,4 butanediol (BD) are GHB analogs that are rapidly metabolized to GHB after ingestion, with the same toxic and recreational effects

↑ Mamelak M, Scharf MB, Woods M. Treatment of narcolepsy with gamma-hydroxybutyrate. A review of clinical and sleep laboratory findings. Sleep. 1986;9(1 Pt 2):285-289. doi:10.1093/sleep/9.1.285

Authors:

Revision as of 04:49, 12 July 2016 (view source) Rossdonaldson1 (talk \| contribs) (Created page with "==Background== ==Clinical Features== ==Differential Diagnosis== {{Sedative/hypnotic withdrawal types}} ==Evaluation== ==Management== ==Disposition== ==See Also== ==Exte...")		Revision as of 04:51, 12 July 2016 (view source) Rossdonaldson1 (talk \| contribs) (→‎Background) Newer edit →
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	==Clinical Features==		==Clinical Features==