Hypokalemia: Difference between revisions
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==Background== | ==Background== | ||
Low = <3.5meq/L | *Low = <3.5meq/L | ||
*Low! = <2.5meq/L | |||
Low! = <2.5meq/L | |||
== Clinical Features == | |||
*CNS | *CNS | ||
**Weakness | **Weakness | ||
| Line 15: | Line 13: | ||
**Met alkalosis | **Met alkalosis | ||
*CV | *CV | ||
**PACs/PVCs | |||
**Bradycardia or atrial/junctional tachycardia | |||
**AV block | |||
**V tach, V fib | |||
==Diagnosis== | |||
*ECG findings: | |||
**ST seg depression | |||
**U wave (V4-V6) | |||
[[Image:ECG Hypokalemia.jpg]] | |||
== DDX == | == DDX == | ||
*Shift | *Shift | ||
**Alkalosis (each 0.10 rise in pH causes 0.5 decrease) | **Alkalosis (each 0.10 rise in pH causes 0.5 decrease) | ||
| Line 49: | Line 48: | ||
**every 10meq should inc serum by ~0.1meq/L | **every 10meq should inc serum by ~0.1meq/L | ||
*Treat hypomag if present | *Treat hypomag if present | ||
==Source == | ==Source == | ||
Tintinalli | *Tintinalli | ||
[[Category:FEN]] | [[Category:FEN]] | ||
Revision as of 20:40, 2 March 2012
Background
- Low = <3.5meq/L
- Low! = <2.5meq/L
Clinical Features
- CNS
- Weakness
- Cramps
- Hyporeflexia
- GI
- Ileus
- Renal
- Met alkalosis
- CV
- PACs/PVCs
- Bradycardia or atrial/junctional tachycardia
- AV block
- V tach, V fib
Diagnosis
- ECG findings:
- ST seg depression
- U wave (V4-V6)
DDX
- Shift
- Alkalosis (each 0.10 rise in pH causes 0.5 decrease)
- Insulin
- B-agonist
- Decreased intake
- Increased loss
- GI (v/d/fistula)
- Renal
- Diuretics
- Hyperaldo
- Exercise
- HyperCa
- HypoMg
- Drugs
- PCN
- Lithium
- L-dopa
- Theophyline
Treatment
- 20meq/hr KCl IV or PO
- every 10meq should inc serum by ~0.1meq/L
- Treat hypomag if present
Source
- Tintinalli