Neostigmine: Difference between revisions
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==Administration== | ==Administration== | ||
*Type: | *Type: Cholinesterase inhibitor | ||
*Dosage Forms: | *Dosage Forms: | ||
*Routes of Administration: | *Routes of Administration: IV, oral (not FDA-approved) | ||
*Common Trade Names: | *Common Trade Names: | ||
==Adult Dosing== | ==Adult Dosing== | ||
*Reversal of non-depolarizing [[neuromuscular blocking agents]]: | |||
**Initial: 0.03-0.07 mg/kg IV, if no efffect, repeat q1 min up to max total dose of 0.07mg/kg or 5mg | |||
*[[Myasthenia gravis]]: 15-375mg PO daily (Not FDA-approved) | |||
==Pediatric Dosing== | ==Pediatric Dosing== | ||
*Safety/efficacy not well-established in peds, but generally same weight-based dosing as adults | |||
==Special Populations== | ==Special Populations== | ||
*[[Drug Ratings in Pregnancy|Pregnancy Rating]]: | *[[Drug Ratings in Pregnancy|Pregnancy Rating]]: Fetal risk cannot be ruled out | ||
*[[Lactation risk categories|Lactation risk]]: | *[[Lactation risk categories|Lactation risk]]: Avoid breastfeeding | ||
*Renal dosing: no adjustment | |||
*Hepatic dosing: no adjustment | |||
* | |||
==Contraindications== | ==Contraindications== | ||
*Allergy to class/drug | *Allergy to class/drug | ||
*Mechanical bowel or urinary tract obstruction | |||
*Peritonitis | |||
==Adverse Reactions== | ==Adverse Reactions== | ||
===Serious=== | ===Serious=== | ||
*Bradyarrythmia, Atrioventricular block | |||
*Seizure, loss of conciousness | |||
===Common=== | ===Common=== | ||
*Hypotension | |||
*Nausea, vomiting | |||
==Pharmacology== | ==Pharmacology== | ||
*Half-life: | *Half-life: 40-75 min | ||
*Metabolism: | *Metabolism: Hepatic (extensive) | ||
*Excretion: | *Excretion: Renal | ||
==Mechanism of Action== | ==Mechanism of Action== | ||
*Competitive cholinesterase inhibitor--> less breakdown of acetylcholine--> more acetylcholine in synapses | |||
==Comments== | ==Comments== | ||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
*[[Neuromuscular blocking agents]] | |||
*[[Myaesthenia gravis]] | |||
*[[Pyridostigmine]] | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
[[Category:Pharmacology]] | [[Category:Pharmacology]] | ||
Revision as of 15:39, 5 September 2016
Administration
- Type: Cholinesterase inhibitor
- Dosage Forms:
- Routes of Administration: IV, oral (not FDA-approved)
- Common Trade Names:
Adult Dosing
- Reversal of non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents:
- Initial: 0.03-0.07 mg/kg IV, if no efffect, repeat q1 min up to max total dose of 0.07mg/kg or 5mg
- Myasthenia gravis: 15-375mg PO daily (Not FDA-approved)
Pediatric Dosing
- Safety/efficacy not well-established in peds, but generally same weight-based dosing as adults
Special Populations
- Pregnancy Rating: Fetal risk cannot be ruled out
- Lactation risk: Avoid breastfeeding
- Renal dosing: no adjustment
- Hepatic dosing: no adjustment
Contraindications
- Allergy to class/drug
- Mechanical bowel or urinary tract obstruction
- Peritonitis
Adverse Reactions
Serious
- Bradyarrythmia, Atrioventricular block
- Seizure, loss of conciousness
Common
- Hypotension
- Nausea, vomiting
Pharmacology
- Half-life: 40-75 min
- Metabolism: Hepatic (extensive)
- Excretion: Renal
Mechanism of Action
- Competitive cholinesterase inhibitor--> less breakdown of acetylcholine--> more acetylcholine in synapses