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| ==Background==
| | #REDIRECT[[Superior mesenteric artery syndrome]] |
| *Full name: [[Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome]]
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| *Rare condition
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| *Occurs when the duodenum is compressed between the aorta and the superior mesenteric artery
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| *Can lead to partial or complete gastrointestinal obstruction at the level of the duodenum
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| ==Etiology==
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| *SMA branches from the abdominal aorta surrounded by fatty and lymphatic tissue known as the mesenteric pad
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| *SMA forms an angle of about 38 º and 65º with the abdominal aorta
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| *Third part of the duodenum courses between the angle formed by the SMA and aorta
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| *Any factor that sharply narrows the angle can cause entrap and compress of the duodenum
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| **Factors that narrow this angle include:
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| ***Significant weight loss, most common factor
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| ***Corrective spinal surgery for scoliosis
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| ***Congenital defects, suggested genetic predisposition
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| ***Adhesions
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| ==Clinical Features==
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| *Early satiety
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| *[[Nausea and vomiting]], can be bilious
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| *[[Abdominal pain]], mid-abdomen which may be improved with changes of position
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| *Abdominal bloating, especially after meals
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| *Bleching
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| *Weight loss
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| *Proximal small bowel obstruction
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| ==Differential Diagnosis==
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| *See [[Abdominal Pain]]
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| *See [[Nausea and vomiting]]
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| ==Evaluation==
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| *Suspected based on signs and symptoms
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| *Diagnosis confirmed by imaging:
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| **Upper GI series
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| **Hypotonic duodenography
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| **Computed tomography
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| ==Management==
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| ==Disposition==
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| ==See Also==
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| ==External Links==
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| ==References==
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| <references/>
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| [[Category:Vascular]]
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