Thiamine

Administration

• Dosage Forms: 50,100,250,500mg
• Routes of Administration: IM, IV
  • Im or IV routres require: Intradermal skin test before use if hypersensitivity risk
• Common Trade Names: Vitamin B1

Adult Dosing

• Beriberi
  • 10-20mg IM tid x 2wk
    • Then 5-30mg PO QD x1mo

• Wet beriberi with CHF
  • 10-30mg IV tid

• Wernicke's encephalopathy
  • High-dose parenteral regimen: 500mg IV TID x 2 days
    • Then 250mg IM/IV QD x 5 days

Special Populations

• Pregnancy Rating: A (according to dietary reference intake)
• Lactation risk: Safe

Renal Dosing

Not defined

Hepatic Dosing

Not defined

Contraindications

• Allergy to class/drug

Adverse Reactions

Serious

• anaphylaxis
• angioedema
• cyanosis

Common

• injection site pain
• pruritus
• warmth sensation
• urticaria

Pharmacology

• Half-life: Unknown
• Metabolism: Liver, CYP450, Unknown
• Excretion: Urine

Mechanism of Action

Physiologic cofactor

Indications by Condition

The following table is automatically generated from disease/condition pages across WikEM.

Indication	Dose	Context	Route	Population
Beriberi	50-100mg IV/IM daily x 7-14 days, then 10mg PO daily until recovery	Thiamine replacement	IV/IM	Adult
Ethanol withdrawal	100 mg PO daily	Vitamin prophylaxis	PO	Adult
Ethylene glycol toxicity	100 mg q6hr x2 days	Decrease oxalate production	IV	Adult
Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome	500mg IV over 30min TID x 2-3 days, then 250mg IV/IM daily x 3-5 days, then 100mg PO daily	Treatment dose for confirmed/suspected Wernicke encephalopathy	IV	Adult

See Also

Thiamine deficiency types

• Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
• Beriberi

References

• Epocrates: Vitamin B1