Respiratory alkalosis: Difference between revisions
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== | ==Background== | ||
==Clinical Features== | |||
*Hyperventilation | |||
==Differential Diagnosis== | |||
*[[Asthma]] | |||
*[[PE]] | |||
*[[DKA]] | |||
*[[Anxiety]] | |||
*[[Hypoxia]] | |||
*early [[Sepsis]]/fever/[[Pneumonia]] | |||
*[[Hyperthyroid]] | |||
*[[Sympathomimetics]] | |||
*[[Aspirin (Salicylate) Toxicity]] | |||
*Progesterone/[[pregnancy]] | |||
*[[hepatic failure|Liver disease]] | |||
*[[CVA]] or other central cause | |||
==Evaluation== | |||
*alkalemia = pH >7.42 | |||
*respiratory alkalosis = pCO2 <38 | |||
*May lead to [[Hypocalcemia]], [[Hypokalemia]] | |||
*Check for a concurrent acid/base disturbance | |||
**always check for an AG | |||
**for every 10mm pCO2 <40, HCO3 expected to decrease by 1-3.5 mEq | |||
**if HCO3 < 24 - (40-pCO2)/10 x 2.5 (+/-1) then there is a superimposed primary metabolic acidosis | |||
**if HCO3 > 24 - (40-pCO2)/10 x 2.5 (+/-1) then there is a primary metabolic alkalosis, or acute respiratory alkalosis without time for metabolic compensation | |||
==Managment== | |||
==See Also== | |||
*[[Acid-base disorders]] | |||
==References== | |||
<references/> | |||
[[Category:FEN]] | [[Category:FEN]] | ||
[[Category:Pulmonary]] | |||
[[Category:Toxicology]] | |||
Latest revision as of 16:43, 29 September 2019
Background
Clinical Features
- Hyperventilation
Differential Diagnosis
- Asthma
- PE
- DKA
- Anxiety
- Hypoxia
- early Sepsis/fever/Pneumonia
- Hyperthyroid
- Sympathomimetics
- Aspirin (Salicylate) Toxicity
- Progesterone/pregnancy
- Liver disease
- CVA or other central cause
Evaluation
- alkalemia = pH >7.42
- respiratory alkalosis = pCO2 <38
- May lead to Hypocalcemia, Hypokalemia
- Check for a concurrent acid/base disturbance
- always check for an AG
- for every 10mm pCO2 <40, HCO3 expected to decrease by 1-3.5 mEq
- if HCO3 < 24 - (40-pCO2)/10 x 2.5 (+/-1) then there is a superimposed primary metabolic acidosis
- if HCO3 > 24 - (40-pCO2)/10 x 2.5 (+/-1) then there is a primary metabolic alkalosis, or acute respiratory alkalosis without time for metabolic compensation