Psilocybin toxicity: Difference between revisions
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* Discharge when clinically sober | * Discharge when clinically sober | ||
== | ==See Also== | ||
*[[Mushroom toxicity]] | |||
*[[Drugs of abuse]] | |||
== References == | |||
* Nichols DE. Hallucinogens. Pharmacol Ther 2004; 101:131. | * Nichols DE. Hallucinogens. Pharmacol Ther 2004; 101:131. | ||
* UpToDate | * UpToDate | ||
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* "Comparison of acute lethal toxicity of commonly abused psychoactive substances" (PDF). Addiction. 99 (6): 686–96. doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2004.00744.x. PMID 15139867. | * "Comparison of acute lethal toxicity of commonly abused psychoactive substances" (PDF). Addiction. 99 (6): 686–96. doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2004.00744.x. PMID 15139867. | ||
* Passie T, Seifert J, Schneider U, Emrich HM (2002). "The pharmacology of psilocybin". Addiction Biology. 7 (4): 357–64. doi:10.1080/1355621021000005937. PMID 14578010. | * Passie T, Seifert J, Schneider U, Emrich HM (2002). "The pharmacology of psilocybin". Addiction Biology. 7 (4): 357–64. doi:10.1080/1355621021000005937. PMID 14578010. | ||
*"Comparison of acute lethal toxicity of commonly abused psychoactive substances" (PDF). Addiction. 99 (6): 686–96. doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2004.00744.x. PMID 15139867. | |||
* Halpern JH1. "Hallucinogens and dissociative agents naturally growing in the United States." Pharmacol Ther. 2004 May;102(2):131-8. | * Halpern JH1. "Hallucinogens and dissociative agents naturally growing in the United States." Pharmacol Ther. 2004 May;102(2):131-8. | ||
Revision as of 13:47, 3 December 2016
Psilocybin
A compound found in over 200 mushrooms that has mind altering properties similar to LSD. Commonly known as "magic mushrooms" or "shrooms". The mushroom are often taken recreationally for the euphoric and hallucinogenic effects. Typically grown in the Pacific Northwest and southern regions of the United States. For a typical dose (1mg) symptoms will last 1-3 hours.
Signs/Symptoms
- Euphoria
- Visual hallucinations
- Lethargy
- Depression
- Synesthesia
Physical Effects
- Pupil Dilation
- Tachycardia
- Hypertension
- Hypotension
- Nausea
Differential Diagnosis
- Hypoglycemia
- TBI
- Other drugs of abuse
- CO poisoning
- Meningitis/Encephalitis
- Opioid intoxication
- Antihistamines/Anticholinergics intoxication
Adverse Effects
- Anxiety
- Confusion
- Disorientation
- Agitation
- Accidents
Toxicity
- Low
- 280mg/kg
- Therapeutic index of 641
Evaluation
- Clinical Diagnosis
- Urine toxin screen if concerned about co-ingestion
Management
- Supportive Care
- Place patient in a calm and quiet environment
- Monitor Vitals
- If worsening vitals or agitation treat with Benzodiazepines
- Can be discharged if symptoms abate and vitals normalize
Disposition
- Discharge when clinically sober
See Also
References
- Nichols DE. Hallucinogens. Pharmacol Ther 2004; 101:131.
- UpToDate
- van Amsterdam J, Opperhuizen A, van den Brink W (2011). "Harm potential of magic mushroom use: a review" (PDF). Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology. 59 (3): 423–9. doi:10.1016/j.yrtph.2011.01.006. PMID 21256914.
- Merck Index, 11th Edition, 7942
- "Comparison of acute lethal toxicity of commonly abused psychoactive substances" (PDF). Addiction. 99 (6): 686–96. doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2004.00744.x. PMID 15139867.
- Passie T, Seifert J, Schneider U, Emrich HM (2002). "The pharmacology of psilocybin". Addiction Biology. 7 (4): 357–64. doi:10.1080/1355621021000005937. PMID 14578010.
- "Comparison of acute lethal toxicity of commonly abused psychoactive substances" (PDF). Addiction. 99 (6): 686–96. doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2004.00744.x. PMID 15139867.
- Halpern JH1. "Hallucinogens and dissociative agents naturally growing in the United States." Pharmacol Ther. 2004 May;102(2):131-8.