Mitral stenosis: Difference between revisions
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==Background== | ==Background== | ||
*Most likely cause is rheumatic fever | *Most likely cause is rheumatic fever, ~85% | ||
*Chronic [[rheumatic disease]] uncommon in western world, but still very common in underdeveloped countries<ref>Lung B. Mitral stenosis still a concern in heart valve diseases. Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases | *Chronic [[rheumatic disease]] uncommon in western world, but still very common in underdeveloped countries<ref>Lung B. Mitral stenosis still a concern in heart valve diseases. Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases | ||
Volume 101, Issue 10, October 2008, Pages 597–599.</ref> | Volume 101, Issue 10, October 2008, Pages 597–599.</ref> | ||
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**Mozambique, 30.4 per 1000 people | **Mozambique, 30.4 per 1000 people | ||
*Other etiologies: | *Other etiologies: | ||
**Stenotic annular calcification (degenerative, aging, post-infection) | **Stenotic annular calcification, ~12% (degenerative, aging, post-infection) | ||
**Congenital, rare | **Congenital, rare at ~0.6% | ||
==Clinical Features== | ==Clinical Features== | ||
Revision as of 03:29, 23 January 2017
Background
- Most likely cause is rheumatic fever, ~85%
- Chronic rheumatic disease uncommon in western world, but still very common in underdeveloped countries[1]
- USA, 0.25 per 1000 people
- India and Pakistan, 5 per 1000 people
- Cambodia, 21.5 per 1000 people
- Mozambique, 30.4 per 1000 people
- Other etiologies:
- Stenotic annular calcification, ~12% (degenerative, aging, post-infection)
- Congenital, rare at ~0.6%
Clinical Features
- Mid-diastolic murmur
- Symptoms
- Exertional dyspnea
- PND
- Acute pulmonary edema
- R-sided HF symptoms
- Hemoptysis (pulmonary htn > ruptured bronchial vein)
- Precipitants:
Evaluation
Differential Diagnosis
Valvular Emergencies
Management
- Diuretics
- Alleviates pulmonary congestion
- A-fib treatment
- Hemoptysis
- Consider transfusion / surgery consult
- Endocarditis prophylaxis after replacement
Complications
- Systemic emboli
- CHF
- Atrial fibrillation
- Endocarditis
See Also
References
- ↑ Lung B. Mitral stenosis still a concern in heart valve diseases. Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases Volume 101, Issue 10, October 2008, Pages 597–599.