WLA VA:COVID19: Difference between revisions

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*** Cleaning gets rid of the proteins that would interfere with a disinfectants effectiveness
*** Cleaning gets rid of the proteins that would interfere with a disinfectants effectiveness
** Note: studied in a simulated lab environment. Lab virions not covered in protein and mucus and other things that would mimic real life and that could prolong survival
** Note: studied in a simulated lab environment. Lab virions not covered in protein and mucus and other things that would mimic real life and that could prolong survival
=== Basic Epidemiology/Infectivity Data ===
* Expected patient outcomes (from data so far):
** 80% have mild symptoms
** 15% have severe disease requiring hospitalisation
** 5% require mechanical ventilation
* Case fatality rate (CFR) = 2-4% (from Hubei data)
** SARS ~ 10%
** MERS ~ 35%
** Seasonal flu ~ 0.1-0.2%
** 1918 Pandemic Influenza ~ 2-3%
* R0 = 2.2 - 4.2
** Where R0 = expected number of secondary cases produced by a single typical infection in a susceptible population (basic reproductive rate)
** R0 for seasonal flu ~ 1.3
** R0 for pandemic flu ~ 1.5-1.8
* Incubation: 5 days (median); range of 2-14 days
* Serial interval duration = 7.5 days
** Serial interval refers to the time from illness onset in successive cases in a transmission chain
[[File:Ro example.png|thumb|Ro Example]]


==Clinical Features==
==Clinical Features==

Revision as of 01:59, 18 March 2020

Introduction

  • Disease name = COVID-19
  • Virus = SARS-CoV-2 (previously 2019-nCoV

Virology

  • Coronaviruses are a common human pathogens (discovered in the1960s to cause the common cold).
    • During epidemics, they are the cause of up to one-third of community-acquired upper respiratory tract infections in adults; may cause diarrhea in infants and children as well)
  • SARS-CoV-2 is a novel coronavirus (a new strain not previously identified in humans)
    • Likely primary source = bats
    • A betacoronavirus in the same subgenus as the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) virus
    • Receptor-binding gene region is very similar to that of the SARS coronavirus (uses angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 [ACE2] for cell entry)
    • Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) virus, another betacoronavirus, appears more distantly related
  • Viral survival time of SARS-CoV-2:
    • Stainless steel: persists for 3 hours (or longer)
    • Underscores the importance of environmental cleaning / disinfection
      • Cleaning gets rid of the proteins that would interfere with a disinfectants effectiveness
    • Note: studied in a simulated lab environment. Lab virions not covered in protein and mucus and other things that would mimic real life and that could prolong survival

Basic Epidemiology/Infectivity Data

  • Expected patient outcomes (from data so far):
    • 80% have mild symptoms
    • 15% have severe disease requiring hospitalisation
    • 5% require mechanical ventilation
  • Case fatality rate (CFR) = 2-4% (from Hubei data)
    • SARS ~ 10%
    • MERS ~ 35%
    • Seasonal flu ~ 0.1-0.2%
    • 1918 Pandemic Influenza ~ 2-3%
  • R0 = 2.2 - 4.2
    • Where R0 = expected number of secondary cases produced by a single typical infection in a susceptible population (basic reproductive rate)
    • R0 for seasonal flu ~ 1.3
    • R0 for pandemic flu ~ 1.5-1.8
  • Incubation: 5 days (median); range of 2-14 days
  • Serial interval duration = 7.5 days
    • Serial interval refers to the time from illness onset in successive cases in a transmission chain
Ro Example

Clinical Features

Differential Diagnosis

Evaluation

Management

Disposition

See Also

External Links

References