Felon: Difference between revisions
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==Background== | ==Background== | ||
*Subcutaneous pyogenic infection of the pulp space compartments of the distal finger | *Subcutaneous pyogenic infection of the pulp space compartments of the distal finger | ||
*Do not mistake for pulp erythema due to [[paronychia]] or [[herpetic whitlow]] | *Do not mistake for pulp erythema due to [[Paronychia|paronychia]] or [[Herpetic whitlow|herpetic whitlow]] | ||
*Infection typically begins w/ minor trauma to dermis overlying finger pad | *Infection typically begins w/ minor trauma to dermis overlying finger pad (e.g. foreign body such as a splinter) | ||
**May spread to flexor tendon sheath, IP joint, or underlying periosteum | **May spread to flexor tendon sheath, IP joint, or underlying periosteum | ||
[[File:Felon 2.jpg|thumbnail|Felon]] | |||
==Clinical Features== | ==Clinical Features== | ||
*Red, tense, and markedly painful distal pulp space | *Red, tense, and markedly painful distal pulp space | ||
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==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
===Workup=== | ===Workup=== | ||
* | *X-ray to assess for foreign body | ||
*Gram stain and culture (chronic infections may be caused by atypical organisms) | *Gram stain and culture (chronic infections may be caused by atypical organisms) | ||
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*Usually a clinical diagnosis | *Usually a clinical diagnosis | ||
== | ==Management== | ||
===Incision and drainage=== | ===Incision and drainage=== | ||
[[File:Felon.jpg|thumb|Incision of felon.]] | [[File:Felon.jpg|thumb|Incision of felon.]] | ||
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''no need for packing'' | ''no need for packing'' | ||
*DO NOT perform a "fishmouth" incision since this may results in: Unstable finger pad, neuroma, and/or loss of sensation | |||
DO NOT perform a "fishmouth" incision since | |||
===[[Antibiotics]]=== | |||
* | *Indicated for felon associated with cellulitis | ||
{{Felon Antibiotics}} | |||
==Disposition== | ==Disposition== | ||
*Discharge with followup in 2 days for wound check | |||
*Refer to hand surgery only if systemically ill or concern for complicated infection | |||
*Instruct pt to keep extremity elevated | *Instruct pt to keep extremity elevated | ||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
<references/> | |||
[[Category:Derm]] | |||
[[Category:ID]] | |||
[[Category:Ortho]] | [[Category:Ortho]] | ||
Revision as of 08:53, 22 August 2015
Background
- Subcutaneous pyogenic infection of the pulp space compartments of the distal finger
- Do not mistake for pulp erythema due to paronychia or herpetic whitlow
- Infection typically begins w/ minor trauma to dermis overlying finger pad (e.g. foreign body such as a splinter)
- May spread to flexor tendon sheath, IP joint, or underlying periosteum
Clinical Features
- Red, tense, and markedly painful distal pulp space
Differential Diagnosis
Hand and finger infections
- Bed bugs
- Closed fist infection (Fight Bite)
- Hand cellulitis
- Hand deep space infection
- Hand-foot-and-mouth disease
- Herpetic whitlow
- Felon
- Flexor tenosynovitis
- Paronychia
- Scabies
- Sporotrichosis
Look-Alikes
Diagnosis
Workup
- X-ray to assess for foreign body
- Gram stain and culture (chronic infections may be caused by atypical organisms)
Evaluation
- Usually a clinical diagnosis
Management
Incision and drainage
- The incision should be made along the ulnar aspect of the index, middle, and ring fingers and along the radial aspects of the thumb and little finger.
- Number 11 blade is used to make incision on nonoppositional side of affected digit
- Start incision 5 mm distal to flexor DIP crease
- End incision 5mm proximal to nail plate border
- Bluntly dissect and explore wound until abscess is decompressed
no need for packing
- DO NOT perform a "fishmouth" incision since this may results in: Unstable finger pad, neuroma, and/or loss of sensation
Antibiotics
- Indicated for felon associated with cellulitis
Definitive treatment is drainage but antibiotic coverage for S. aureus and Strep with caution to identify Herpetic whitlow
- Cephalexin 500mg PO q6hrs daily x 7 days
- TMP/SMX 2 DS tablets PO q12hrs x 7 days
- Clindamycin 450mg PO q8hrs x 7 days
- Dicloxacillin 250mg PO q6hrs daily x 7 days
Disposition
- Discharge with followup in 2 days for wound check
- Refer to hand surgery only if systemically ill or concern for complicated infection
- Instruct pt to keep extremity elevated