Hypokalemia: Difference between revisions
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**ST seg depression | **ST seg depression | ||
**U wave (V4-V6) | **U wave (V4-V6) | ||
**QT prolongation | |||
[[Image:ECG Hypokalemia.jpg]] | [[Image:ECG Hypokalemia.jpg]] | ||
Revision as of 03:45, 14 December 2012
Background
- Low = <3.5meq/L
- Low! = <2.5meq/L
Clinical Features
- CNS
- Weakness
- Cramps
- Hyporeflexia
- GI
- Ileus
- Renal
- Met alkalosis
- CV
- PACs/PVCs
- Bradycardia or atrial/junctional tachycardia
- AV block
- V tach, V fib
Diagnosis
- ECG findings:
- ST seg depression
- U wave (V4-V6)
- QT prolongation
DDX
- Shift
- Alkalosis (each 0.10 rise in pH causes 0.5 decrease)
- Insulin
- B-agonist
- Decreased intake
- Increased loss
- GI (v/d/fistula)
- Renal
- Diuretics
- Hyperaldo
- Exercise
- HyperCa
- HypoMg
- Drugs
- PCN
- Lithium
- L-dopa
- Theophyline
Treatment
- 20meq/hr KCl IV or PO
- every 10meq should inc serum by ~0.1meq/L
- Treat hypomag if present
Source
- Tintinalli