Avascular necrosis of hip: Difference between revisions
(Separated to traumatic and non traumatic causes) |
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==Background== | ==Background== | ||
===Etiologies=== | ===Etiologies=== | ||
* | *Traumatic causes | ||
* | **Femoral neck fracture | ||
* | **Dislocation | ||
* | |||
* | *Non-traumatic causes | ||
* | **Use of corticosteriods | ||
* | **Alcohol use | ||
*HIV | **Tobacco use | ||
* | **Caisson disease aka Dysbarism | ||
* | **Systemic lupus erythematosus | ||
**Chronic Renal Disease | |||
**Pancreatitis | |||
**Radiation therapy | |||
**HIV | |||
**Idiopathic | |||
==Clinical Features== | ==Clinical Features== | ||
Revision as of 17:00, 31 July 2016
Background
Etiologies
- Traumatic causes
- Femoral neck fracture
- Dislocation
- Non-traumatic causes
- Use of corticosteriods
- Alcohol use
- Tobacco use
- Caisson disease aka Dysbarism
- Systemic lupus erythematosus
- Chronic Renal Disease
- Pancreatitis
- Radiation therapy
- HIV
- Idiopathic
Clinical Features
Differential Diagnosis
Evaluation
- Plain XR is poorly sensitive in early stages, as low as 41%
- Radiographic changes may be delayed by years
- MRI ~90% sensitivity and specificity
Disposition
- Initial supportive care until later stages of disease
- Orthopedic consultation for repeat imaging and risk stratification for surgical treatment
References
- Stoica Z et al. Imaging of Avascular Necrosis of Femoral Head: Familiar Methods and Newer Trends. Curr Health Sci J. 2009 Jan-Mar; 35(1): 23–28.
- Kelly JD et al. Femoral head avascular necrosis treatment & management. Aug 16, 2015. http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/86568-treatment#showall.