Psilocybin toxicity: Difference between revisions
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A compound found in over 200 mushrooms that has mind altering properties similar to LSD. Commonly known as "magic mushrooms" or "shrooms". The mushroom are often taken recreationally for the euphoric and hallucinogenic effects. Typically grown in the Pacific Northwest and southern regions of the United States. For a typical dose (1mg) symptoms will last 1-3 hours. | A compound found in over 200 mushrooms that has mind altering properties similar to LSD. Commonly known as "magic mushrooms" or "shrooms". The mushroom are often taken recreationally for the euphoric and hallucinogenic effects. Typically grown in the Pacific Northwest and southern regions of the United States. For a typical dose (1mg) symptoms will last 1-3 hours. | ||
== Signs/Symptoms == | == Signs/Symptoms== | ||
* Euphoria | * Euphoria | ||
* Visual hallucinations | * Visual hallucinations | ||
| Line 15: | Line 15: | ||
* Hypotension | * Hypotension | ||
* Nausea | * Nausea | ||
==Differential Diagnosis== | |||
* Hypoglycemia | |||
* TBI | |||
* Other drugs of abuse | |||
* CO poisoning | |||
* Meningitis/Encephalitis | |||
* Opioid intoxication | |||
* Antihistamines/Anticholinergics intoxication | |||
== Adverse Effects == | == Adverse Effects == | ||
Revision as of 21:14, 26 November 2016
Psilocybin
A compound found in over 200 mushrooms that has mind altering properties similar to LSD. Commonly known as "magic mushrooms" or "shrooms". The mushroom are often taken recreationally for the euphoric and hallucinogenic effects. Typically grown in the Pacific Northwest and southern regions of the United States. For a typical dose (1mg) symptoms will last 1-3 hours.
Signs/Symptoms
- Euphoria
- Visual hallucinations
- Lethargy
- Depression
- Synesthesia
Physical Effects
- Pupil Dilation
- Tachycardia
- Hypertension
- Hypotension
- Nausea
Differential Diagnosis
- Hypoglycemia
- TBI
- Other drugs of abuse
- CO poisoning
- Meningitis/Encephalitis
- Opioid intoxication
- Antihistamines/Anticholinergics intoxication
Adverse Effects
- Anxiety
- Confusion
- Disorientation
- Agitation
- Accidents
Toxicity
- Low
- 280mg/kg
- Therapeutic index of 641
Intoxication Treatment
- Supportive Care
- Pt's placed in a calm, quiet environment
- Monitor Vitals
- If worsening vitals or agitation treat with Benzodiazepines
- Can be discharged if symptoms abate and vitals normalize
Refrences
- Nichols DE. Hallucinogens. Pharmacol Ther 2004; 101:131.
- UpToDate
- van Amsterdam J, Opperhuizen A, van den Brink W (2011). "Harm potential of magic mushroom use: a review" (PDF). Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology. 59 (3): 423–9. doi:10.1016/j.yrtph.2011.01.006. PMID 21256914.
- Merck Index, 11th Edition, 7942
- "Comparison of acute lethal toxicity of commonly abused psychoactive substances" (PDF). Addiction. 99 (6): 686–96. doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2004.00744.x. PMID 15139867.
- Passie T, Seifert J, Schneider U, Emrich HM (2002). "The pharmacology of psilocybin". Addiction Biology. 7 (4): 357–64. doi:10.1080/1355621021000005937. PMID 14578010.
"Comparison of acute lethal toxicity of commonly abused psychoactive substances" (PDF). Addiction. 99 (6): 686–96. doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2004.00744.x. PMID 15139867.
- Halpern JH1. "Hallucinogens and dissociative agents naturally growing in the United States." Pharmacol Ther. 2004 May;102(2):131-8.