Orbital trauma: Difference between revisions
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==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
*[[Maxillofacial trauma]] | *[[Maxillofacial trauma]] | ||
*[http://webeye.ophth.uiowa.edu/eyeforum/tutorials/trauma.htm EyeRounds Ocular Trauma] | |||
[[Category:Ophthalmology]] | [[Category:Ophthalmology]] | ||
[[Category:Trauma]] | [[Category:Trauma]] | ||
Revision as of 01:12, 5 April 2017
Background
- Must assess:
- Visual acuity
- Anterior chamber
- Integrity of globe
- Pupil shape and reactivity
- Use paperclip or eyelid speculum to open swollen eyes
Clinical Features
- Anterior chamber is flat +/- abnormal pupil
- Ruptured globe is certain
- Stop the exam; place eye shield, consult ophtho
- Hyphema
- Evidence of significant trauma; consult ophtho
- Extra-ocular movements
- Restricted upgaze or lateral gaze suggests Orbital Fracture with entrapment
- Obtain CT face
- Restricted upgaze or lateral gaze suggests Orbital Fracture with entrapment
- Orbital Rim
- Feel for step-off
- Sensation
- Test along distribution of inf orbital nerve (below eye and ipsilateral side of nose)
- Photophobia
- If photophobia in affected and unaffected eye, suspect traumatic iritis
- Decreased visual acuity +/- proptosis
- Clinically suspect Orbital Hematoma, check IOP if open globe has been ruled out
Differential Diagnosis
Maxillofacial Trauma
- Ears
- Nose
- Oral
- Other face
- Zygomatic arch fracture
- Zygomaticomaxillary (tripod) fracture
- Related
Evaluation
- Slit-lamp exam with fluorescein
- Check for:
- Abrasion
- Laceration
- Foreign body
- Hyphema
- Iritis
- Pupil may be constricted or dilated
- Lens dislocation
- Globe rupture
- +Seidel test
- Full-thickness laceration
- Check for:
- Consider non-contrast face/orbital CT
- Consider ocular ultrasound
- Can be done AFTER open globe has been ruled out
- Check for: retinal detachment, vitreous hemorrhage/detachment
Management
Disposition
- Ophtho in 48hr if vision and ocular anatomy are preserved