Hypokalemia: Difference between revisions
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==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
*CNS | |||
**Weakness | |||
**Cramps | |||
**Hyporeflexia | |||
*GI | |||
**Ileus | |||
*CV | |||
**ECG findings: | |||
***ST seg depression | |||
***U wave (V4-V6) | |||
**Also may cause: | |||
***PACs/PVCs | |||
**Bradycardia or atrial/junctional tachycardia | |||
**AV block | |||
**V tach, V fib | |||
*Renal | |||
**Met alkalosis | |||
== DDX == | == DDX == | ||
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==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
20meq/h KCl IV or PO | *20meq/h KCl IV or PO | ||
**every 10meq should inc serum by ~0.1meq/L) | |||
every 10meq should inc serum by ~0.1meq/L) | *Treat hypomag if present | ||
==Source == | ==Source == | ||
Tintinalli | |||
[[Category:FEN]] | [[Category:FEN]] | ||
Revision as of 18:15, 9 April 2011
Background
Low = <3.5meq/L
Low! = <2.5meq/L
Diagnosis
- CNS
- Weakness
- Cramps
- Hyporeflexia
- GI
- Ileus
- CV
- ECG findings:
- ST seg depression
- U wave (V4-V6)
- Also may cause:
- PACs/PVCs
- Bradycardia or atrial/junctional tachycardia
- AV block
- V tach, V fib
- ECG findings:
- Renal
- Met alkalosis
DDX
- Shift
- Increased pH
- B-agonist, inuslin
- Reduced intake
- Increased loss
- Renal
- Primary (hyperaldos, osmotic diuresis)
- Secondary (diuretics, malignant HTN, renal art stenosis)
- Misc
- Licorice
- HyperCa
- HypoMg
- RTA
- Leukemia
- Renal
- Drugs
- PCN
- Lithium
- L-dopa
- Theophyline
- GI Loss (v/d/fistula)
Treatment
- 20meq/h KCl IV or PO
- every 10meq should inc serum by ~0.1meq/L)
- Treat hypomag if present
Source
Tintinalli