Hallucinations: Difference between revisions
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#[[Alcohol Withdrawal]] - hallucinosis without altered sensorium, predominately auditory & usually begins 24-48 hours after last drink | #[[Alcohol Withdrawal]] - hallucinosis without altered sensorium, predominately auditory & usually begins 24-48 hours after last drink | ||
#[[Anticholinergic Toxicity]] | #[[Anticholinergic Toxicity]] | ||
#Hallucinogen Intoxication | #Hallucinogen Intoxication | ||
##Psilocybin/[[Mushroom Poisoning]] | ##Psilocybin/[[Mushroom Poisoning]] | ||
##LSD | ##LSD | ||
##Mescaline | ##Mescaline | ||
##Ecstacy (MDMA) | ##[[Ecstacy (MDMA)]] | ||
##PCP | ##[[PCP]] | ||
##[[Bath Salts]] | ##[[Bath Salts]] | ||
##[[Salvia|Salvia Intoxication]] | ##[[Salvia|Salvia Intoxication]] | ||
##Marijuana | ##[[Marijuana]] | ||
#[[Methanol Toxicity]] | #[[Methanol Toxicity]] | ||
#[[Tricyclic (TCA) Toxicity]] | #[[Tricyclic (TCA) Toxicity]] | ||
#[[GHB|GHB Intoxication]] | |||
#[[Ertapenem]] Toxicity | #[[Ertapenem]] Toxicity | ||
#[[Encephalitis]] | #[[Encephalitis]] | ||
Revision as of 05:15, 17 April 2014
Background
- The perception of auditory, visual, tactile, or gustatory sensations without an actual stimulus
- Etiology may be from underlying psychiatric disorder or organic cause.
In non-auditory hallucinations, assume organic pathology until proven otherwise.
Differential Diagnosis
Organic Causes
- Alcohol Withdrawal - hallucinosis without altered sensorium, predominately auditory & usually begins 24-48 hours after last drink
- Anticholinergic Toxicity
- Hallucinogen Intoxication
- Psilocybin/Mushroom Poisoning
- LSD
- Mescaline
- Ecstacy (MDMA)
- PCP
- Bath Salts
- Salvia Intoxication
- Marijuana
- Methanol Toxicity
- Tricyclic (TCA) Toxicity
- GHB Intoxication
- Ertapenem Toxicity
- Encephalitis
- Hypocalcemia/Hypercalcemia
Psychiatric Causes [1]
- Schizophrenia
- Schizo-affective Disorder
- Dementia
- Delirium
- Migraine
- Seizure
- Parkinson's Disease
- Charles Bonnet Syndrome (in the visually impaired)
Workup
Workup should be targeted toward specific diagnosis. Cranial imaging is only useful if localized neurological findings or headache red flags
- If concerned for suicidal or unknown toxic ingestion:
- Aspirin
- Tylenol level
- ECG
Management
- Treat the underlying pathology.
- In the case of Alcohol Withdrawl Hallucinosis, no standard therapy has been established,[2] although tx with neuroleptics (e.g. Haldol) has shown some benefit. [3] Also continue to treat the alcohol withdrawal.