Hypokalemia: Difference between revisions
(→DDX) |
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| Line 26: | Line 26: | ||
*Shift | *Shift | ||
** | **Alkalosis (each 0.10 rise in pH causes 0.5 decrease) | ||
**B-agonist | **Insulin | ||
* | **B-agonist | ||
*Decreased intake | |||
*Increased loss | *Increased loss | ||
**GI (v/d/fistula) | |||
**Renal | **Renal | ||
***Primary ( | ***Primary (hyperaldo, osmotic diuresis) | ||
***Secondary (diuretics, malignant HTN, renal art stenosis) | ***Secondary (diuretics, malignant HTN, renal art stenosis) | ||
***Misc | ***Misc | ||
| Line 44: | Line 46: | ||
**L-dopa | **L-dopa | ||
**Theophyline | **Theophyline | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
Revision as of 02:41, 4 May 2011
Background
Low = <3.5meq/L
Low! = <2.5meq/L
Diagnosis
- CNS
- Weakness
- Cramps
- Hyporeflexia
- GI
- Ileus
- Renal
- Met alkalosis
- CV
- ECG findings:
- ST seg depression
- U wave (V4-V6)
- Also may cause:
- PACs/PVCs
- Bradycardia or atrial/junctional tachycardia
- AV block
- V tach, V fib
- ECG findings:
DDX
- Shift
- Alkalosis (each 0.10 rise in pH causes 0.5 decrease)
- Insulin
- B-agonist
- Decreased intake
- Increased loss
- GI (v/d/fistula)
- Renal
- Primary (hyperaldo, osmotic diuresis)
- Secondary (diuretics, malignant HTN, renal art stenosis)
- Misc
- Licorice
- HyperCa
- HypoMg
- RTA
- Leukemia
- Drugs
- PCN
- Lithium
- L-dopa
- Theophyline
Treatment
- 20meq/h KCl IV or PO
- every 10meq should inc serum by ~0.1meq/L)
- Treat hypomag if present
Source
Tintinalli