Leishmaniasis: Difference between revisions

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==Differential Diagnosis==
==Differential Diagnosis==
*Cutaneous/Mucocutaneous-bacterial skin infection, malignancy, sarcoidosis, spider bite, tropical ulcer, yaws, cutaneous anthrax, nocardia and actinomycosis, cutaneous tuberculosis  
*Cutaneous/Mucocutaneous-bacterial skin infection
*malignancy
*sarcoidosis
*spider bite
*tropical ulcer
*yaws
*cutaneous [[anthrax]]
*nocardia and actinomycosis
*cutaneous tuberculosis  


==Workup==
==Workup==
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*Complicated CL- PO Fluconazole or Miltefosine. IV Stibogluconate, Meglumine, Amphotericin B, or Pentamidine
*Complicated CL- PO Fluconazole or Miltefosine. IV Stibogluconate, Meglumine, Amphotericin B, or Pentamidine
*Visceral- Amphotericin B, Stibogluconate
*Visceral- Amphotericin B, Stibogluconate
==See Also==
*[[Travel Skin Conditions]]


==Source==
==Source==
*Uptodate
*Uptodate
*Tintinalli
*Tintinalli
[[Category:ID]]
[[Category:TropMed]]

Revision as of 22:32, 9 June 2014

Background

  • Vector: sandfly
  • Occurs sporadically in rural Africa, Asia, Mediterranean, Central/South America
  • Wide variety of symptoms given numerous species of protozoa
  • 500,000 new cases and 60,000 deaths each year

Clinical Features

  • Cutaneous- single to diffuse nodules/plagues with central clearing/eschar/fibrinous exudate
  • Mucocutaneous-mucosal destruction, deformity nasal blockage, bleeding, increased secretions, sloughing of dead tissue, dysphonia, odynophagia, respiratory distress
  • Visceral (Kala-azar)-darkening of skin, malaise, fever, weight lost, splenomegaly with advanced disease causing hepatic dysfunction, jaundice, ascites, thrombocytopenia, and hemorrhagic complications
    • Anemia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, hypoalbuminemia, hyperbilirubinemia

Differential Diagnosis

  • Cutaneous/Mucocutaneous-bacterial skin infection
  • malignancy
  • sarcoidosis
  • spider bite
  • tropical ulcer
  • yaws
  • cutaneous anthrax
  • nocardia and actinomycosis
  • cutaneous tuberculosis

Workup

  • CBC
  • Chem
  • Histology
  • Culture
  • Bone marrow or spleen biopsy for VL
  • PCR
  • Contact CDC Parasitic Disease Public Inquiries (404)-718-4745 for transport medium and instructions

Management

  • Uncomplicated CL-topical Paromomycin, local injection of Stibogluconate or Meglumine antimoniate
  • Complicated CL- PO Fluconazole or Miltefosine. IV Stibogluconate, Meglumine, Amphotericin B, or Pentamidine
  • Visceral- Amphotericin B, Stibogluconate

See Also

Source

  • Uptodate
  • Tintinalli