Omeprazole: Difference between revisions
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==Adult Dosing== | ==Adult Dosing== | ||
===[[GERD]]=== | ===[[GERD]]=== | ||
*PO once daily, taken about 1 hour before meals | *20mg PO once daily, taken about 1 hour before meals | ||
===[[Peptic ulcers]]=== | ===[[Peptic ulcers]]=== | ||
*40mg PO daily | |||
===Zollinger Ellison syndrome=== | ===Zollinger Ellison syndrome=== | ||
*60mg PO q8-24h | |||
==Pediatric Dosing== | ==Pediatric Dosing== | ||
===GERD=== | |||
*<1 year: Safety and efficacy not established | |||
*5-10 kg: 5 mg PO qDay | |||
*10-20 kg: 10 mg PO qDay | |||
*>20 kg: 20 mg PO qDay | |||
===Erosive Esophagitis=== | |||
*<1 month: Safety and efficacy not established | |||
*Aged 1 month to <1 year | |||
**3 to <5 kg: 2.5 mg qDay | |||
**5 to <10 kg: 5 mg qDay | |||
**≥10 kg: 10 mg qDay | |||
*Aged 1-16 years | |||
**5 to <10 kg: 5 mg PO qDay | |||
**10 to <20 kg: 10 mg PO qDay | |||
**≥20 kg: 20 mg PO qDay | |||
==Special Populations== | ==Special Populations== | ||
*[[Drug Ratings in Pregnancy|Pregnancy Rating]]: | *[[Drug Ratings in Pregnancy|Pregnancy Rating]]: C | ||
*[[Lactation risk categories|Lactation risk]]: | *[[Lactation risk categories|Lactation risk]]: May be present in milk | ||
===Renal Dosing=== | ===Renal Dosing=== | ||
* | *No adjustment | ||
===Hepatic Dosing=== | ===Hepatic Dosing=== | ||
* | *Not studied | ||
==Contraindications== | ==Contraindications== | ||
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==Adverse Reactions== | ==Adverse Reactions== | ||
===Serious=== | ===Serious=== | ||
*Agranulocytosis | |||
*Fractures, osteoporosis-related | |||
*Hepatotoxicity | |||
*Pancreatitis | |||
*Interstitial nephritis | |||
*Rhabdomyolysis | |||
===Common=== | ===Common=== | ||
*Headache, dizziness | |||
*Nausea/vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, flatulence, acid regurgitation, constipation | |||
*URI, cough | |||
*Rash | |||
*Gastric polyps | |||
*Alopecia | |||
*Atrophic gastritis | |||
==Pharmacology== | ==Pharmacology== | ||
*Half-life: 1-1.2 hours <ref>Prilosec Prescribing Information. AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals.</ref> | *Half-life: 1-1.2 hours <ref>Prilosec Prescribing Information. AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals.</ref> | ||
*Metabolism: Hepatic (CYP2C19, CYP3A4) <ref>Prilosec Prescribing Information. AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals.</ref> | *Metabolism: Hepatic (CYP2C19, CYP3A4) <ref>Prilosec Prescribing Information. AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals.</ref> | ||
*Excretion: | *Excretion: Urine | ||
==Mechanism of Action== | ==Mechanism of Action== | ||
*PPI; binds to H+/K+-exchanging ATPase (proton pump) in gastric parietal cells, resulting in suppression of basal and stimulated acid secretion | |||
==Comments== | ==Comments== | ||
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<references/> | <references/> | ||
[[Category:Pharmacology]] | [[Category:Pharmacology]] | ||
[[Category:GI]] | |||
Revision as of 00:44, 23 September 2019
Administration
- Type: Proton pump inhibitor (PPI)
- Dosage Forms: Tablets or capsules of 10, 20, 40, 80mg. Powder of omeprazole sodium for IV.
- Routes of Administration: PO, IV
- Common Trade Names: Prilosec
Adult Dosing
GERD
- 20mg PO once daily, taken about 1 hour before meals
Peptic ulcers
- 40mg PO daily
Zollinger Ellison syndrome
- 60mg PO q8-24h
Pediatric Dosing
GERD
- <1 year: Safety and efficacy not established
- 5-10 kg: 5 mg PO qDay
- 10-20 kg: 10 mg PO qDay
- >20 kg: 20 mg PO qDay
Erosive Esophagitis
- <1 month: Safety and efficacy not established
- Aged 1 month to <1 year
- 3 to <5 kg: 2.5 mg qDay
- 5 to <10 kg: 5 mg qDay
- ≥10 kg: 10 mg qDay
- Aged 1-16 years
- 5 to <10 kg: 5 mg PO qDay
- 10 to <20 kg: 10 mg PO qDay
- ≥20 kg: 20 mg PO qDay
Special Populations
- Pregnancy Rating: C
- Lactation risk: May be present in milk
Renal Dosing
- No adjustment
Hepatic Dosing
- Not studied
Contraindications
- Allergy to class/drug
Adverse Reactions
Serious
- Agranulocytosis
- Fractures, osteoporosis-related
- Hepatotoxicity
- Pancreatitis
- Interstitial nephritis
- Rhabdomyolysis
Common
- Headache, dizziness
- Nausea/vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, flatulence, acid regurgitation, constipation
- URI, cough
- Rash
- Gastric polyps
- Alopecia
- Atrophic gastritis
Pharmacology
Mechanism of Action
- PPI; binds to H+/K+-exchanging ATPase (proton pump) in gastric parietal cells, resulting in suppression of basal and stimulated acid secretion