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| ==Background==
| | *[[Ascaris]] |
| | | *[[Whipworm]] |
| ==Clinical Features==
| | *[[Hookworm]] |
| *Includes Ascaris roundworm, whipworm, and hookworms
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| *Morbidity is related to number of worms harbored in intestines
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| *Light infections often asymptomatic
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| *Heavier infections with variety of manifestations including GI symptoms (abdominal pain, diarrhea, blood in stool, rectal prolapse), malaise, weakness, impaired cognitive / physical development, malnutrition<ref>Wilcox S, Thomas S, Brown D, Nadel E. “Gastrointestinal Parasite.” The Journal of Emergency Medicine, 2007; 33(3):277-280</ref></ref>
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| *Hookworm and whipworm infestations also cause iron-deficiency anemia
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| **Adult worms attach to intestinal wall to feed, causing ongoing luminal blood loss
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| *'''Löffler’s syndrome'''
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| **Result of Ascaris or hookworm larval transit through the lungs
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| **Characterized by persistent non-productive cough, chest pain, wheezing, rales, pulmonary infiltrates on CXR and marked eosinophilia
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| ==Differential Diagnosis==
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| ==Workup==
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| ==Management==
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| *[[Ascaris]]: albendazole 400 mg x 1 dose OR mebendazole 100 mg BID x 3 days (both high efficacy) | |
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| *[[Whipworm]] (Trichuris): albendazole 400 mg x 1 dose | |
| **Historically treated with albendazole or mebendazole, but monotherapy has low efficacy against Trichuris especially in heavy infections; higher cure rate achieved with oxantel pamoate-albendazole combination compared to any monotherapy in recent RCT <ref>Speich B, Ame S, et al. "Oxantel Pamoate–Albendazole for Trichuris Trichiura Infection." New England Journal of Medicine, 2014; 370: 610-620.</ref>
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| *[[Hookworm]]: albendazole 400 mg x 1 dose (high efficacy) OR mebendazole 500 mg x 1 dose (low to moderate efficacy) | |
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| *Iron supplements in [[anemia]]
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| ==Disposition==
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| ==See Also== | | ==See Also== |
| *[[Worm Infections]] | | *[[Worm Infections]] |
| *[[Travel Medicine]] | | *[[Travel Medicine]] |
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| ==External Links==
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| ==Sources==
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| <references/>
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| [[Category:ID]] | | [[Category:ID]] |
| [[Category:TropMed]] | | [[Category:TropMed]] |
