Papilledema: Difference between revisions
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==Background== | ==Background== | ||
*Bilateral optic disc swelling due to increased ICP | *Bilateral optic disc swelling due to increased ICP | ||
*This may sometimes be a presenting complaint, referred by an eye care provider, though will usually have associated symptoms such as headache, altered mental status, or vision changes. | |||
===Etiology=== | ===Etiology=== | ||
*[[ | *All causes of [[elevated intracranial pressure]] | ||
* | **[[Intracranial mass]] | ||
*[[Intracranial mass]] | **Decreased CSF resorption | ||
*[[ | **Increased CSF production or cerebral blood flow | ||
*Most commonly caused by [[Idiopathic intracranial hypertension]] in individuals under 50.<ref name="Xie">Xie JS, et al. Papilledema: A review of etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management. ''Surv Ophthalmol''. 2022;67(4):1135-1159.</ref> | |||
==Clinical Features== | ==Clinical Features== | ||
Revision as of 19:26, 22 August 2025
Background
- Bilateral optic disc swelling due to increased ICP
- This may sometimes be a presenting complaint, referred by an eye care provider, though will usually have associated symptoms such as headache, altered mental status, or vision changes.
Etiology
- All causes of elevated intracranial pressure
- Intracranial mass
- Decreased CSF resorption
- Increased CSF production or cerebral blood flow
- Most commonly caused by Idiopathic intracranial hypertension in individuals under 50.[1]
Clinical Features
- Increased ICP symptoms:
- Headache (esp with recumbency and in the morning)
- Nausea and vomiting
- Preservation of visual acuity
- May have visual obscurations that clear completely lasting seconds
Fundoscopy
- Loss of spontaneous venous pulsations
- Disc margin blurring
- Cup is diminished or absent
Differential Diagnosis
- Malignant hypertension
- Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (pseudotumor cerebri)
- Intracranial mass
- Hydrocephalus
- Cerebral edema
- Salicylate toxicity
Evaluation
Management
- Treat underlying condition
See Also
External Links
References
- ↑ Xie JS, et al. Papilledema: A review of etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management. Surv Ophthalmol. 2022;67(4):1135-1159.