H1N1 (swine) flu: Difference between revisions
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*Rapid Flu nasal swab 60-80% sensitive in detecting influenza A | *Rapid Flu nasal swab 60-80% sensitive in detecting influenza A | ||
**If patient is negative, severely ill and will be hospitalized, send viral culture | **If patient is negative, severely ill and will be hospitalized, send viral culture | ||
Revision as of 11:45, 24 July 2016
Background
High-risk groups
- Pregnant- increased rates of SAB, preterm labor
- Chronic lung disease
- Immunosuppressed
- Cardiac
- DM
Screening
- Individuals with an acute febrile respiratory illness (a measured temperature of 100ºF or higher and recent onset of at least one of the following: rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, sore throat, or cough) or sepsis-like syndrome.
- HIGH PRIORITY for hospitalized patients and those at high-risk for severe disease.
Clinical Features
Differential Diagnosis
Evaluation
- Rapid Flu nasal swab 60-80% sensitive in detecting influenza A
- If patient is negative, severely ill and will be hospitalized, send viral culture
- PCR is the recommended confirmatory test
Management
- Adult: Tamiflu 75-mg capsule twice per day for 5 days
- All hospitalized patients with confirmed, probable or suspected novel influenza (H1N1)
- Patients who are at higher risk for seasonal influenza complications
Most effective when started within 48 hours of illness onset.
Post-exposure chemoprophylaxis
- Tamiflu 75mg PO daily x 10 days (10 days after the last known exposure to novel (H1N1) influenza)
If the contact occurred with a patient after 7 days of symtpom onset, then chemoprophylaxis is not necessary. This is the presumed post-infectious period.