Inhaled nitric oxide

Administration

• Type: Vasodilator
• Dosage Forms:
• Routes of Administration:
• Common Trade Names:

Special Populations

• Pregnancy Rating:
• Lactation risk:

Renal Dosing

• Adult:
• Pediatric:

Hepatic Dosing

• Adult:
• Pediatric:

Contraindications

• Allergy to class/drug

Pharmacology

• Half-life:
• Metabolism: reacts with oxyhemoglobin to form methemoglobin and nitrate, and also reacts with deoxy-Hb.
• Excretion: Urinary; 70% of inhaled NO excreted within 48 hrs as nitrate

Mechanism of Action

• Relaxes smooth muscle of pulmonary vessels via conversion of GTP to cGMP
• Enhances V/Q matching by increasing blood flow to well-ventilated areas of lung

Indications

• Pulmonary HTN of newborn
• Pulmonary HTN of adults

References

• Inhaled Nitric Oxide: A Selective Pulmonary Vasodilator: Current Uses and Therapeutic Potential. Circulation.

2004; 109: 3106-3111