Mucormycosis

Definition

Infection of fungal hyphae in immunocompromised hosts

-DM

-HIV

-Neutropenic

Pathophysiology

Most commonly affects paranasal sinuses (rhinocerebral mucormycosis)

Pulmonary

GI

CNS

Si/Sy

Rhinocerebral: mimics acute bacterial sinusitis, however a much more rapid, extensive expansion of the fungus to the surrounding anatomy is classic

Can spread to orbits, oropharynx, nasopharynx, brain, nearby vasculature leading to:

Vision changes

Nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal ulceration or eschars

Facial edema, pain

Cranial nerve deficits

Headache

W/U

CT scan of sinuses

Treatment

Adjunctive: Amphotericin B (1mgkg/d IV)

Definitive: Prompt surgical consultation --> debridement

Prognosis

Mortality 30-90%