Emergent delivery

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Physical Examination

Digital Examination of the Vagina

1) Cervical Dilatation

  • 0 cm (closed/fingertip) to 10 cm (complete/fully dilated)

2) Effacement

  • assessment of the cervical length
  • percentage of normal 3-4 cm long cervix
  • 4cm cervix = 0%; 0cm (thin) cervix = 100%

3) Station (-5 to +5)

  • (distance of the presenting body relative to the maternal ischial spines)
  • -3 = beginning of second stage of labor
  • 0 = in line with the plane of the maternal ischial spines
  • +3 = impending delivery
  • +4 to +5 = crowning