Chlorothiazide
Administration
- Type: Diuretic, Thiazide
- Dosage Forms: Injection (500mg); Tablets (250mg, 500mg); Oral suspension
- Routes of Administration: IV, PO
- Common Trade Names: Diuril
Adult Dosing
General
- Edema: 250-500mg IV or 500-1000mg PO daily
- Hypertension: 500-1000mg PO daily
Indications by Condition
| Indication | Dose | Context | Route | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Volume overload | 250-500mg IV | IV thiazide for diuretic resistance | IV | Adult |
Pediatric Dosing
General
- 10-20mg/kg/day PO divided q12h
Special Populations
- Pregnancy Rating: C
- Lactation risk: Enters breast milk
Renal Dosing
- Ineffective when GFR <30 mL/min
Hepatic Dosing
- Use caution in hepatic impairment
Contraindications
- Allergy to class/drug or sulfonamides
- Anuria
Adverse Drug Reactions
Serious
- Hypokalemia
- Hyponatremia
- Pancreatitis (rare)
Common
- Dizziness
- Photosensitivity
- Hyperglycemia
Pharmacology
- Onset of action: 15 minutes (IV), 2 hours (PO)
- Half-life: 1-2 hours
- Metabolism: Minimal
- Excretion: Renal (unchanged)
Mechanism of Action
- Inhibits sodium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule
- Only IV-available thiazide diuretic