Abdominal pain (peds): Difference between revisions

 
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== Background ==
{{Peds top}} [[abdominal pain]], [[abdominal pain in pregnancy]], and/or [[abdominal pain (geriatrics)]]
==Background==
*Bilious emesis is a surgical emergency until proven otherwise


*Bilious emesis is a surgical emergency until proven otherwise
==Clinical Features==
[[File:Abdominal Quadrant Regions.jpg|thumb|Side-by-side comparison of quadrants and regions.]]
[[File:1506 Referred Pain Chart.jpg|thumb|Chart of commonly reported referred pain sites.]]
*Abdominal pain
*May be associated with [[nausea]], [[vomiting]], or [[diarrhea]]
*[[Fever]] may be present in pain from infectious etiology


== Differential Diagnosis ==
==Differential Diagnosis==
{{Pediatric abdominal pain DDX}}


{| class="wikitable"
==Evaluation==
! valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | Age
''Depends on location and history''
! valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | Emergent
*Consider:
! valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | Nonemergent
**hCG
|- class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; line-height: 17px"
***Consider [[ectopic pregnancy]] in any female of reproductive age
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" rowspan="7" | 0–3 mo old
**[[Urinalysis]]  
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Necrotizing Enterocolitis]]  
**CBC
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Colic]]
**Chemistry
|- class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; line-height: 17px"
*Possible imaging:
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Volvulus]]
**[[Ultrasound]]
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Acute Gastroenteritis]]
***Appropriate for [[intussusception]], [[ovarian torsion|ovarian]]/[[testicular torsion]], [[gallbladder]], [[pregnancy]], [[Appendicitis (peds)|appendicitis]]
|- class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; line-height: 17px"
**CT
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Testicular Torsion]]  
***May be associated with 1/1,000 lifetime risk of malignancy
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Constipation]]
**[[Abdominal radiography]]
|- class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; line-height: 17px"
***[[acute abdominal series|Abdominal plain xray]] films are specific, but not sensitive. As such, they have very little utility in the workup of pediatric abdominal pain, unless concerned for a [[Esophageal foreign body|foreign body]]. Do NOT use films to "confirm" a diagnosis of "constipation," as this is not specific and may also be found during surgical emergencies (e.g. [[appendicitis]]).
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Incarcerated hernia]]
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" |  
|- class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; line-height: 17px"
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | Trauma
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" |  
|- class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; line-height: 17px"
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Toxic megacolon]]  
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" |  
|- class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; line-height: 17px"
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | Tumor
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" |  
|- class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; line-height: 17px"
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" rowspan="7" | 3 mo–3 y old
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Intussusception]]  
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Acute Gastroenteritis]]
|- class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; line-height: 17px"
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Testicular Torsion]]  
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Constipation]]
|- class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; line-height: 17px"
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | Trauma
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Urinary Tract Infections]]
|- class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; line-height: 17px"
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Volvulus]]
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | HSP
|- class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; line-height: 17px"
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Appendicitis]]
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" |  
|- class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; line-height: 17px"
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Toxic megacolon]]
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" |  
|- class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; line-height: 17px"
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | Vaso-occlusive crisis
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" |  
|- class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; line-height: 17px"
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" rowspan="14" | 3 y old–adolescence
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Appendicitis]]
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Constipation]]
|- class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; line-height: 17px"
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Diabetic Ketoacidosis]]
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Acute Gastroenteritis]]
|- class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; line-height: 17px"
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | Vaso-occlusive crisis
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | Nonspecific [[viral syndrome]]
|- class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; line-height: 17px"
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Toxic ingestion]]
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Streptococcus pharyngitis]]
|- class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; line-height: 17px"
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Testicular Torsion]]
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Urinary Tract Infections]]
|- class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; line-height: 17px"
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Ovarian Torsion]]
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Pneumonia]]
|- class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; line-height: 17px"
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Ectopic Pregnancy]]  
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Pancreatitis]]
|- class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; line-height: 17px"
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | Trauma
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Cholecystitis]]
|- class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; line-height: 17px"
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Toxic megacolon]]
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Renal Stone]]
|- class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; line-height: 17px"
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | Tumor
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[HSP]]
|- class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; line-height: 17px"
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" |  
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Inflammatory bowel disease]]
|- class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; line-height: 17px"
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" |  
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Gastric ulcer disease]]/[[gastritis]]
|- class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; line-height: 17px"
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" |  
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Ovarian cyst]]
|- class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; line-height: 17px"
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" |  
| class="font12" style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 9px; color: rgb(51,51,51); line-height: 17px" valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" | Pregnancy
|}


== Workup  ==
==Management==
*Based on diagnosis


#UA, hCG
==Disposition==
#Chemistry: eval for dehydration
*Depends on underlying etiology
#Imaging
**If symptoms are fully resolved and the patient has a benign abdominal exam, most patients go home with return precautions
##Abd xray
**In general, unclear cases with continued pain should NOT be discharged home
###Specific, not sensitive
##Ultrasound
###Appropriate for intussusception, ovarian/testicular, GB, IUP, appy
##CT
###May be a/w 1/1000 lifetime risk of malignancy


== See Also ==
==See Also==
*[[Abdominal Pain]]
*[[Abdominal Pain]]
*[[Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC)]]
*[[Volvulus]]
*[[Pyloric Stenosis]]  
*[[Pyloric Stenosis]]  
*[[Intussusception]]
*[[Meckel's Diverticulum]]  
*[[Meckel's Diverticulum]]  
*[[Appendicitis (Peds)]]
*[[Inguinal Hernia (Peds)]]
*[[Inguinal Hernia (Peds)]]


== Source  ==
==References==
 
<references/>
Gausche 11/03- By Lampe
 
7/2/09 PANI


[[Category:Peds]] [[Category:GI]]
[[Category:Pediatrics]]
[[Category:GI]]
[[Category:Symptoms]]

Latest revision as of 18:15, 7 July 2021

This page is for pediatric patients. For adult patients, see: abdominal pain, abdominal pain in pregnancy, and/or abdominal pain (geriatrics)

Background

  • Bilious emesis is a surgical emergency until proven otherwise

Clinical Features

Side-by-side comparison of quadrants and regions.
Chart of commonly reported referred pain sites.

Differential Diagnosis

Pediatric Abdominal Pain

0–3 Months Old

3 mo–3 y old

3 y old–adolescence

Evaluation

Depends on location and history

Management

  • Based on diagnosis

Disposition

  • Depends on underlying etiology
    • If symptoms are fully resolved and the patient has a benign abdominal exam, most patients go home with return precautions
    • In general, unclear cases with continued pain should NOT be discharged home

See Also

References