Acute hepatitis: Difference between revisions

 
(13 intermediate revisions by 4 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
==Background==
==Background==
===Causes===
{{Acute hepatitis causes}}
#Viral
{{Drug or Toxin Related Liver Disease}}
#Alcohol
#[[Acetaminophen toxicity]]
#Mushroom toxicity (Amanita phalloides)


==Clinical Findings==
==Clinical Features==
*N/V
{{Acute hepatitis features}}
*RUQ pain
**Enlarged, tender liver
*Fever
*Jaundice
*Bilirubinuria


==Differential Diagnosis==
==Differential Diagnosis==
{{DDX RUQ}}
{{DDX RUQ}}


==Treatment==
==Evaluation==
*[[LFTs]]
**AST, ALT > 1000s
**Elevated bilirubin
**Elevated alk phosphatase
*INR
**[[liver disease induced coagulopathy|Coagulopathy]]
*Consider acetaminophen level
*Acute [[viral hepatitis|hepatitis panel]]
**Hep A Ab IgM
**Hep B cAb IgM
**Hep B sAg
**Hep B sAb
**Hep C Ab
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Anti-hepatitis A, IgM
! Hepatitis B surface antigen
! Anti-hepatitis B core, IgM
! Anti-hepatitis C
! Interpretation
|-
| Positive
| Negative
| Negative
| Negative
| Acute hepatitis A
|-
| Negative
| Positive
| Positive
| Negative
| Acute hepatitis B
|-
| Negative
| Positive
| Negative
| Negative
| Chronic hepatitis B infection
|-
| Negative
| Negative
| Positive
| Negative
| Acute hepatitis B; quantity of hepatitis B surface antigen is too low to detect
|-
| Negative
| Negative
| Negative
| Positive
| Acute or chronic hepatitis C; additional tests are required to make the determination
|}
 
==Management==
*Treat underlying cause
*Treat underlying cause


==Disposition==
==Disposition==
*Consider admission for:
Consider admission for:
#Bilirubin > 20
*Bilirubin > 20
#PT 50% above normal
*PT 50% above normal
#[[Hypoglycemia]]
*[[Hypoglycemia]]
#Hypoalbuminemia
*[[Hypoalbuminemia]]
#Any [[GI bleeding]]
*Any [[GI bleeding]]


==See Also==
==See Also==
*[[Jaundice]]
*[[Jaundice]]
*[[Viral Hepatitis]]
*[[Viral Hepatitis]]
*[[Acute hepatic failure]]


==Source ==
==References==
*Tintinalli
<references/>


[[Category:GI]]
[[Category:GI]]
[[Category:ID]]
[[Category:ID]]

Latest revision as of 21:21, 7 September 2022

Background

Causes of acute hepatitis

Drug or Toxin Related Liver Disease

Clinical Features

Acute Hepatitis Features

Jaundice of the skin
Pediatric jaundice with icterus of sclera.

Differential Diagnosis

RUQ Pain

Evaluation

  • LFTs
    • AST, ALT > 1000s
    • Elevated bilirubin
    • Elevated alk phosphatase
  • INR
  • Consider acetaminophen level
  • Acute hepatitis panel
    • Hep A Ab IgM
    • Hep B cAb IgM
    • Hep B sAg
    • Hep B sAb
    • Hep C Ab
Anti-hepatitis A, IgM Hepatitis B surface antigen Anti-hepatitis B core, IgM Anti-hepatitis C Interpretation
Positive Negative Negative Negative Acute hepatitis A
Negative Positive Positive Negative Acute hepatitis B
Negative Positive Negative Negative Chronic hepatitis B infection
Negative Negative Positive Negative Acute hepatitis B; quantity of hepatitis B surface antigen is too low to detect
Negative Negative Negative Positive Acute or chronic hepatitis C; additional tests are required to make the determination

Management

  • Treat underlying cause

Disposition

Consider admission for:

See Also

References

  1. Ostapowicz G, Fontana RJ, Schiodt FV, et al. Results of a prospective study of acute liver failure at 17 tertiary care centers in the United States. Ann Intern Med. 2002 Dec 17; 137(12): 947-54.
  2. Oyama, LC: Disorders of the Liver and Biliary Tractin Marx JA, Hockberger RS, Walls RM, et al (eds): Rosen’s Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice, ed 8. St. Louis, Mosby, Inc., 2014, (Ch) 107: p 1186-1204