Ciguatera: Difference between revisions
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*Most cases tropics and subtropics, between 35 degrees north and south latitudes | *Most cases tropics and subtropics, between 35 degrees north and south latitudes | ||
*Most common fish are barracuda, moray eel, amberjack, and certain types of grouper, mackerel, parrotfish, and red snapper | *Most common fish are barracuda, moray eel, amberjack, and certain types of grouper, mackerel, parrotfish, and red snapper | ||
*Caused by fish eating dinoflagellates that grow on and around coral reefs and contain a heat-stable toxin | |||
==Diagnosis== | |||
*GI symptoms | |||
**vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal cramping | |||
**3-30hrs after eating contaminated fish | |||
*Neurologic symptoms | |||
**Paresthesias, painful teeth, painful urination, blurred vision, nerve palsies, and hot/cold temperature reversal | |||
*Cardiovascular symptoms | |||
**Bradycardia, heart block, and hypotension. | |||
^Diagnosis based on history and physical only | |||
==Treatment== | |||
*Symptomatic | |||
*Prevent recurrances | |||
**Do not injest alcohol, caffeine, nuts or fish for 6 months | |||
==Prognosis== | |||
*Neurologic symptoms typically persist from a few days to several weeks | |||
*~20% of patients have symptoms that persist for months | |||
*<2% have symptoms that last for years | |||
Revision as of 12:14, 20 December 2012
Background
- Most cases tropics and subtropics, between 35 degrees north and south latitudes
- Most common fish are barracuda, moray eel, amberjack, and certain types of grouper, mackerel, parrotfish, and red snapper
- Caused by fish eating dinoflagellates that grow on and around coral reefs and contain a heat-stable toxin
Diagnosis
- GI symptoms
- vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal cramping
- 3-30hrs after eating contaminated fish
- Neurologic symptoms
- Paresthesias, painful teeth, painful urination, blurred vision, nerve palsies, and hot/cold temperature reversal
- Cardiovascular symptoms
- Bradycardia, heart block, and hypotension.
^Diagnosis based on history and physical only
Treatment
- Symptomatic
- Prevent recurrances
- Do not injest alcohol, caffeine, nuts or fish for 6 months
Prognosis
- Neurologic symptoms typically persist from a few days to several weeks
- ~20% of patients have symptoms that persist for months
- <2% have symptoms that last for years