Diuretics: Difference between revisions

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==Types==
==Types==
[[File:DiureticsMechanism.gif|thumb|]]
[[File:DiureticsMechanism.gif|thumb|]]
=== High ceiling/loop diuretic ===
===High ceiling/loop diuretic===
''Inhibit Na+/K+/2Cl symporter in ascending limb of loop of Henle, preventing reabsorption and thereby increasing urinary excretion of sodium, chloride, and potassium
''Inhibit Na+/K+/2Cl symporter in ascending limb of loop of Henle, preventing reabsorption and thereby increasing urinary excretion of sodium, chloride, and potassium
*[[Furosemide]]
*[[Furosemide]]
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*40mg furosemide = 20 mg torsemide = 1mg bumetanide = 50 mg ethacrynic acid
*40mg furosemide = 20 mg torsemide = 1mg bumetanide = 50 mg ethacrynic acid


=== Thiazides ===
===Thiazides===
''Act on the distal convoluted tubule and inhibit the sodium-chloride symporter''
''Act on the distal convoluted tubule and inhibit the sodium-chloride symporter''
*[[Hydrochlorothiazide]]
*[[Hydrochlorothiazide]]


=== Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors ===
===Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors===
''Inhibit the enzyme carbonic anhydrase in the proximal convoluted tubule''
''Inhibit the enzyme carbonic anhydrase in the proximal convoluted tubule''
*[[acetazolamide]]
*[[acetazolamide]]
*[[methazolamide]]
*[[methazolamide]]


=== Potassium-sparing diuretics ===
===Potassium-sparing diuretics===
*Aldosterone antagonists
*Aldosterone antagonists
**[[Spironolactone]]
**[[Spironolactone]]
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**[[Triamterene]]
**[[Triamterene]]


=== Osmotic diuretics ===
===Osmotic diuretics===
''Increase osmolality and work primarily by expanding extracellular fluid and plasma volume, therefore increasing blood flow to the kidneys''
''Increase osmolality and work primarily by expanding extracellular fluid and plasma volume, therefore increasing blood flow to the kidneys''
*[[Mannitol]]
*[[Mannitol]]

Latest revision as of 01:14, 10 July 2017

Types

DiureticsMechanism.gif

High ceiling/loop diuretic

Inhibit Na+/K+/2Cl symporter in ascending limb of loop of Henle, preventing reabsorption and thereby increasing urinary excretion of sodium, chloride, and potassium

Thiazides

Act on the distal convoluted tubule and inhibit the sodium-chloride symporter

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

Inhibit the enzyme carbonic anhydrase in the proximal convoluted tubule

Potassium-sparing diuretics

Osmotic diuretics

Increase osmolality and work primarily by expanding extracellular fluid and plasma volume, therefore increasing blood flow to the kidneys

See Also