Diuretics
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Types
High ceiling/loop diuretic
Thiazides
act on the distal convoluted tubule and inhibit the sodium-chloride symporter
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
inhibit the enzyme carbonic anhydrase in the proximal convoluted tubule
Potassium-sparing diuretics
- Aldosterone antagonists
- Epithelial sodium channel blockers:
Osmotic diuretics
increase osmolality and work primarily by expanding extracellular fluid and plasma volume, therefore increasing blood flow to the kidneys
- Mannitol)
- Glucose (e.g. during hyperglycemia)