Ethambutol
Administration
- Type: Antibiotic, anti-TB
- Dosage Forms:
- Routes of Administration: Oral
- Common Trade Names:
Adult Dosing
- 15-25 mg/kg PO daily (in combination with other agents)
Pediatric Dosing
- 15-25mg/kg PO daily
Special Populations
- Pregnancy Rating: C
- Lactation risk: Infant risk is minimal
- Renal dosing:
- Adjust dose/frequency based on serum drug levels if CrCl <79mL/min
- CrCl <10: 15-25mg/kg q48h OR 3 times per week
- CrCl 10-15: 10-25mg/kg q24-36h
- Hemodialysis: 15-25mg/kg 3 times per week after HD
- Hepatic dosing:
Contraindications
- Allergy to class/drug
- Inability to appreciate or report visual side effects (e.g. infants, comatose)
Adverse Reactions
Serious
- Optic neuritis
- Hepatotoxicity
Common
- nausea/vomiting/diarrhea
- anorexia
- headache
- headache
- malaise
- LFT elevation
Pharmacology
- Half-life: 2.5-4h
- Metabolism: Liver
- Excretion: Renal, fecal
Mechanism of Action
- Inhibits mycobacteria synthesis of metabolites, thus impairing cell metabolism/multiplication