Hypercapnia

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Background

  • PaCO2 >45
  • Exclusively caused by alveolar hypoventilation
    • Results from decrease in respiratory rate, tidal volume, or increase in dead space

Clinical Features

Differential Diagnosis

Evaluation

  • ABG
    • HCO3 increases 1 mEq/L for each 10mmHg increase in PaCO2 (acute)
    • HCO3 increases 3.5 mEq/L for each 10mmHg increase in PaCO2 (chronic)

Management

  • Increase minute ventilation (rate and/or tidal volume)

See Also

References