Hypophosphatemia: Difference between revisions

(Text replacement - "==Treatment==" to "==Management==")
(Text replacement - "1 mg" to "1mg")
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===Harbor UCLA Adult Treatment Guidelines===
===Harbor UCLA Adult Treatment Guidelines===
'''Serum phosphate 1 mg/dl to 2 mg/dl'''
'''Serum phosphate 1mg/dl to 2 mg/dl'''
*Able to take PO
*Able to take PO
**Minimize or eliminate all dextrose-containing IV solutions
**Minimize or eliminate all dextrose-containing IV solutions
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***Repeat dosing regimen if serum phosphate remains <2 mg/dl
***Repeat dosing regimen if serum phosphate remains <2 mg/dl


'''Serum phosphate <1 mg/dl'''
'''Serum phosphate <1mg/dl'''
*Minimize or eliminate all dextrose-containing IV solutions
*Minimize or eliminate all dextrose-containing IV solutions
**Exceptions: vasopressors, sedatives, analgesics, antibiotics, blood products, NS
**Exceptions: vasopressors, sedatives, analgesics, antibiotics, blood products, NS
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*If patient can tolerate PO, ALSO follow steps 1 above
*If patient can tolerate PO, ALSO follow steps 1 above
*Recheck serum phosphate after infusion
*Recheck serum phosphate after infusion
**Repeat IV administration if <1 mg/dl
**Repeat IV administration if <1mg/dl
**Consider oral administration if >1mg and <2 mg/dl
**Consider oral administration if >1mg and <2 mg/dl



Revision as of 07:51, 19 July 2016

Background

  • Phosphate required in function of all hematologic cells (RBCs, WBCs, platelets)

Clinical Features

Differential Diagnosis

Causes of Hypophosphatemia

  • Internal redistribution
  • Decreased intestinal absorption
    • Inadequate intake
    • Antacids containing aluminum or magnesium
    • Steatorrhea and/or chronic diarrhea
  • Increased urinary excretion
  • Renal replacement therapy (dialysis)

Diagnosis

  • 2.5-2.8 Mild
  • 1.0-2.5 Mod
  • <1.0 Severe

Management

  • Mild-mod
    • KPhos /neutra phos PO
  • Severe
    • KPhos 2.5-5 mg/kg IV over 6hr

Harbor UCLA Adult Treatment Guidelines

Serum phosphate 1mg/dl to 2 mg/dl

  • Able to take PO
    • Minimize or eliminate all dextrose-containing IV solutions
    • Aggressively treat acidosis
    • 1 tab K-phos neutral 250mg Q hour x 5 doses
      • Each tab contains phosphorus 8 mmol, Na 13 mEq, K1.1 mEq
    • Recheck serum phosphate after last dose, and repeat dosing if continues to be <2 mg/dl
  • NOT able to take PO
    • Minimize or eliminate all dextrose-containing IV solutions
    • Aggressively treat acidosis
    • Give 15 mmol of IV potassium phosphate over 2.5 hours (contains 22 mEq K)
      • Peripheral administration may cause burning at injection site
      • Consider central venous administration, if available
      • Repeat dosing regimen if serum phosphate remains <2 mg/dl

Serum phosphate <1mg/dl

  • Minimize or eliminate all dextrose-containing IV solutions
    • Exceptions: vasopressors, sedatives, analgesics, antibiotics, blood products, NS
  • Aggressively treat acidosis
  • Give 45 mmol of IV potassium phosphate over 7 hours (contains 66 mEq of K)
    • Peripheral administration may cause burning at injection site
    • Consider central venous administration, if available
  • If patient can tolerate PO, ALSO follow steps 1 above
  • Recheck serum phosphate after infusion
    • Repeat IV administration if <1mg/dl
    • Consider oral administration if >1mg and <2 mg/dl

See Also