Listeria monocytogenes

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==Background==[1]

  • Intracellular aerobic Gram Positive motile rod
  • Ingestion of Listeria often from contaminated, ready-to-eat food:
    • melons
    • soft cheese
    • deli meat
    • raw milk
  • Approximately 2/3 of pregnant women with listeria infection have symptoms such as:
    • fever
    • abdominal pain
    • vomiting
    • headache
    • diarrhea
  • Infected pregnant women have a risk of miscarriage or stillbirth of approximately 20%

Antibiotic Sensitivities[2]

Category Antibiotic L. monocytogenes
Penicillins Penicillin G S
Penicillin V R
Methicillin R
Nafcillin/Oxacillin R
Cloxacillin/Diclox. R
Amino-Penicillins AMP/Amox S
Amox-Clav X2
AMP-Sulb S
Anti-Pseudomonal Penicillins Ticarcillin S
Ticar-Clav X2
Pip-Tazo X2
Piperacillin S
Carbapenems Doripenem S
Ertapenem I
Imipenem S
Meropenem S
Aztreonam R
Fluroquinolones Ciprofloxacin S
Ofloxacin R
Pefloxacin R
Levofloxacin S
Moxifloxacin S
Gemifloxacin S
Gatifloxacin S
1st G Cephalo Cefazolin R
2nd G. Cephalo Cefotetan R
Cefoxitin R
Cefuroxime R
3rd/4th G. Cephalo Cefotaxime R
Cefizoxime R
CefTRIAXone R
Ceftaroline X1
CefTAZidime R
Cefepime R
Oral 1st G. Cephalo Cefadroxil R
Cephalexin R
Oral 2nd G. Cephalo Cefaclor/Loracarbef R
Cefproxil R
Cefuroxime axetil R
Oral 3rd G. Cephalo Cefixime R
Ceftibuten R
Cefpodox/Cefdinir/Cefditoren R
Aminoglycosides Gentamicin SS
Tobramycin SS
Amikacin SS
Chloramphenicol S
Clindamycin
Macrolides Erythromycin S
Azithromycin S
Clarithromycin S
Ketolide Telithromycin S
Tetracyclines Doxycycline S
Minocycline S
Glycylcycline Tigecycline S
Daptomycin I
Glyco/Lipoclycopeptides Vancomycin S
Teicoplanin S
Telavancin S
Fusidic Acid X1
Trimethoprim S
TMP-SMX S
Urinary Agents Nitrofurantoin X1
Fosfomycin R
Other Rifampin S
Metronidazole R
Quinupristin dalfoppristin S
Linezolid S
Colistimethate R

Key

  • S susceptible/sensitive (usually)
  • I intermediate (variably susceptible/resistant)
  • R resistant (or not effective clinically)
  • S+ synergistic with cell wall antibiotics
  • U sensitive for UTI only (non systemic infection)
  • X1 no data
  • X2 active in vitro, but not used clinically
  • X3 active in vitro, but not clinically effective for Group A strep pharyngitis or infections due to E. faecalis
  • X4 active in vitro, but not clinically effective for strep pneumonia

Table Overview

See Also

References

  1. Ciaranello, A. L., & Author AffiliationsFrom the Departments of Medicine (A.L.C. (2021, July 15). Case 21-2021: A 33-Year-Old Pregnant Woman with Fever, Abdominal Pain, and Headache: NEJM. New England Journal of Medicine. https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMcpc2107344?query=featured_home.
  2. Sanford Guide to Antimicrobial Therapy 2014