Magnesium sulfate: Difference between revisions
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==General== | ==General== | ||
*Type: [[Antiarrhythmics]] | *Type: [[Antiarrhythmics]] | ||
*Dosage Forms: | *Dosage Forms: IV | ||
*Common Trade Names: | *Common Trade Names: | ||
==Adult Dosing== | ==Adult Dosing== | ||
*Loading dose = 1-2gm in 10mL D5W over 1-2min (cardiac arrest) | *Loading dose = 1-2gm in 10mL D5W over 1-2min ([[cardiac arrest]]) | ||
*Loading dose = 1-4gm in 50-100 D5W over 20-60min (spontaneous circulation) | *Loading dose = 1-4gm in 50-100 D5W over 20-60min (spontaneous circulation) | ||
=== | |||
* | ===[[Eclampsia]]=== | ||
* | *Initial: 4 g magnesium sulfate 50% solution (400mg elemental magnesium) to a 10% or 20% solution and give IV over 3 to 4 minutes '''OR''' 5mg IM in each buttock | ||
*Maintenance: 1 to 2 g/hr IV until paroxysms cease | |||
==Pediatric Dosing== | ==Pediatric Dosing== | ||
*[[Torsades]]: 25 to 50mg/kg rapid infusion over several minutes | |||
===Cardiac=== | ===Cardiac=== | ||
*25- | *25-50mg/kg IV x 1 | ||
''See [[critical care quick reference]] for drug doses by weight.'' | ''See [[critical care quick reference]] for drug doses by weight.'' | ||
==Special Populations== | ==Special Populations== | ||
*[[Drug Ratings in Pregnancy|Pregnancy Rating]]: | *[[Drug Ratings in Pregnancy|Pregnancy Rating]]: D (despite being drug of choice for [[eclampsia]]!) | ||
*Lactation: | *Lactation: infant risk minimal | ||
*Renal Dosing | *Renal Dosing: for severe renal impairment, max dose 20g/48 hours | ||
**Adult | **Adult | ||
**Pediatric | **Pediatric | ||
| Line 26: | Line 29: | ||
**Adult | **Adult | ||
**Pediatric | **Pediatric | ||
==Indications== | |||
*[[Torsades]] | |||
*Refractory v-tach/fib (regardless of Mg level) | |||
*[[Eclampsia]] | |||
*[[Hypomagnesemia]] | |||
*Barium poisoning | |||
==Contraindications== | ==Contraindications== | ||
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==Adverse Reactions== | ==Adverse Reactions== | ||
===Serious=== | ===Serious=== | ||
*Hypotension (rare) | *[[Hypotension]](rare) | ||
*Heart block | |||
*CNS depression | |||
===Common=== | ===Common=== | ||
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*Duration of action = 30min | *Duration of action = 30min | ||
*Metabolism: | *Metabolism: | ||
*Excretion: | *Excretion: Renal | ||
=== Mechanism of Action === | ===Mechanism of Action=== | ||
*Increases vasomotor tone | *Increases vasomotor tone | ||
*Prolongs AV conduction; prolongs refractoriness | *Prolongs AV conduction; prolongs refractoriness | ||
| Line 50: | Line 63: | ||
*[[Hypomagnesemia]] | *[[Hypomagnesemia]] | ||
== | ==References== | ||
<references/> | |||
[[Category:Pharmacology]] | |||
[[Category: | [[Category:FEN]] | ||
[[Category:Cardiology]] | |||
Revision as of 23:05, 22 September 2019
See critical care quick reference for drug doses by weight.
General
- Type: Antiarrhythmics
- Dosage Forms: IV
- Common Trade Names:
Adult Dosing
- Loading dose = 1-2gm in 10mL D5W over 1-2min (cardiac arrest)
- Loading dose = 1-4gm in 50-100 D5W over 20-60min (spontaneous circulation)
Eclampsia
- Initial: 4 g magnesium sulfate 50% solution (400mg elemental magnesium) to a 10% or 20% solution and give IV over 3 to 4 minutes OR 5mg IM in each buttock
- Maintenance: 1 to 2 g/hr IV until paroxysms cease
Pediatric Dosing
- Torsades: 25 to 50mg/kg rapid infusion over several minutes
Cardiac
- 25-50mg/kg IV x 1
See critical care quick reference for drug doses by weight.
Special Populations
- Pregnancy Rating: D (despite being drug of choice for eclampsia!)
- Lactation: infant risk minimal
- Renal Dosing: for severe renal impairment, max dose 20g/48 hours
- Adult
- Pediatric
- Hepatic Dosing
- Adult
- Pediatric
Indications
- Torsades
- Refractory v-tach/fib (regardless of Mg level)
- Eclampsia
- Hypomagnesemia
- Barium poisoning
Contraindications
- Allergy to class/drug
Adverse Reactions
Serious
- Hypotension(rare)
- Heart block
- CNS depression
Common
Pharmacology
- Half-life:
- Onset of action = Immediate
- Duration of action = 30min
- Metabolism:
- Excretion: Renal
Mechanism of Action
- Increases vasomotor tone
- Prolongs AV conduction; prolongs refractoriness