Mammalian bites: Difference between revisions
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*5% of untreated dog bites will become infected (similar to rate of non-bite wounds) | *5% of untreated dog bites will become infected (similar to rate of non-bite wounds) | ||
*80% of untreated cat bites will become infected | *80% of untreated cat bites will become infected | ||
*Human Bite: [Closed fist infection] | *Human Bite: [[Closed fist infection]] | ||
===High-Risk Wounds=== | ===High-Risk Wounds=== | ||
Revision as of 13:26, 11 March 2015
Background
- 5% of untreated dog bites will become infected (similar to rate of non-bite wounds)
- 80% of untreated cat bites will become infected
- Human Bite: Closed fist infection
High-Risk Wounds
- Cat, human, livestock, or monkey bites
- Deep puncture wounds
- Hand or foot wounds
- Bites in immunosuppressed patients
Treatment
Indications for Primary Closure of Mammalian Bites
- Consider closure if all of the following are true:
- Not a face or scalp wound
- Repair can occur within 6hr of injury (time dependent upon individual judgment)
- Repair only requires single-layer closure; no devitalized tissue
- No underlying fracture
- No systemic immunocompromising conditions
Antibiotics
- Consider for high-risk wounds (see above)
Mamallian bites:
- Amoxicilin-clavulanate 875mg PO BID x 5-7d[1]
- Doxycycline 100mg daily x 14 days if penicillin allergic [2]
Fish bites:
- Fluoroquinolone (for Vibrio coverage)
- Rabies immune globulin should be inidividualized[3]
- Indicated for bites from bats, monkeys, skunks, raccoons, foxes. In the U.S. rare for dog and cat bites
See Also
Sources
- ↑ Griego RD, Rosen T, Orengo IF, Wolf JE. Dog, cat, and human bites: a review. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1995;33:1019–29.
- ↑ Talan DA, Citron DM, Abrahamian FM, Moran GJ, Goldstein EJ. Bacteriologic analysis of infected dog and cat bites. Emergency Medicine Animal Bite Infection Study Group. N Engl J Med. 1999;340:85–92.
- ↑ Human rabies—Washington, D.C., 1995. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1995;44:625–7.