Milk-alkali syndrome

Revision as of 04:29, 5 December 2016 by Alvarez13 (talk | contribs)

Definition

  • Hypercalcemia due to increased calcium intake in the setting of renal failure

Background

  • 3rd most common cause of hypercalcemia, after hyperparathyroidism and malignancy

Clinical Features

  • Often due to heavy use of calcium containing antacids
  • Headache, confusion, dizziness, poor appetite, psychosis, dry mouth, constipation

Laboratory Evaluation

  • High calcium
  • Alkalosis
  • Normal or high serum phosphate
  • Low serum PTH
  • Normal serum 25(OH)D
  • Normal or low 1,25(OH)D

Management

  • Hydration
  • Avoidance of calcium / alkali intake
  • Hospitalization for IV hydration in severe cases